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Tethered cord syndrome (TCS) refers to a group of neurological disorders that relate to malformations of the spinal cord. [1] Various forms include tight filum terminale , lipomeningomyelocele , split cord malformations ( diastematomyelia ), occult, dermal sinus tracts , and dermoids .
Tethered spinal cord syndrome appears to be the result of improper growth of the neural tube during fetal development, and is closely linked to spina bifida. Tethering may also develop after spinal cord injury and scar tissue can block the flow of fluids around the spinal cord.
In adults, surgery to free (detether) the spinal cord can reduce the size and further development of cysts in the cord and may restore some function or alleviate other symptoms. Tethered Cord Syndrome is causally linked to Chiari Malformation and any affirmative diagnosis of TCS must be followed by screening for Chiari's several degrees.
It is frequently co-morbid with atlanto-axial joint instability, Chiari malformation, [3] or tethered spinal cord syndrome. The condition can be brought on by physical trauma, including whiplash, laxity of the ligaments surrounding the joint, or other damage to the surrounding connective tissue.
If the spinal cord is not free to move within the thecal sac due to abnormal tissue attachments, especially during growth, tethered spinal cord syndrome may occur. [8] In a split cord malformation, some portion of the spinal cord is divided into parallel halves.
For children, the FDA has approved the use of synthetic HGH to treat growth hormone deficiency (GHD), being born small for gestational age, idiopathic short stature, chronic renal insufficiency ...
This is a list of major and frequently observed neurological disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease), symptoms (e.g., back pain), signs (e.g., aphasia) and syndromes (e.g., Aicardi syndrome). There is disagreement over the definitions and criteria used to delineate various disorders and whether some of these conditions should be classified as ...
What is Alpha-gal syndrome? This potentially fatal condition gets its name from the molecule galactose-α-1,3-galactose (a.k.a. alpha-gal), which is found in most mammals. People with AGS can ...