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Iceland as seen from space, with Vatnajökull appearing as the largest white area to the lower right. Vatnajökull (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈvahtnaˌjœːkʏtl̥] ⓘ, literally "Glacier of Lakes"; sometimes translated as Vatna Glacier in English) is the largest and most voluminous ice cap in Iceland, and the second largest in area in Europe after the Severny Island ice cap of Novaya Zemlya ...
Ice caps accumulate snow on their upper surfaces, and ablate snow on their lower surfaces. [6] An ice cap in equilibrium accumulates and ablates snow at the same rate. The AAR is the ratio between the accumulation area and the total area of the ice cap, which is used to indicate the health of the glacier. [6]
Austfonna glacier seen from Hinlopen strait. Austfonna is an ice cap located on Nordaustlandet in the Svalbard archipelago in Norway.Covering an area of 7,800 km 2, [1] it is Europe's third-largest glacier by area and volume, after the Severny Island ice cap of Novaya Zemlya, Russia, and Vatnajökull in Iceland. [2]
An ice cap can be defined as a dome-shaped mass of ice that exhibits a radial flow. [5] They are often easily confused with ice sheets, but these ice structures are smaller than 50,000 km 2 , and obscure the entirety of the topography they span. [ 5 ]
An ice cap climate is a polar climate where no mean monthly temperature exceeds 0 °C (32 °F). The climate generally covers areas at high altitudes and polar regions (60–90° north and south latitude), such as Antarctica and some of the northernmost islands of Canada and Russia .
An ice cap is a mass of glacial ice that covers less than 50,000 km 2 (19,000 sq mi) of land area covering a highland area and they feed outlet glaciers. [4]: 52 Many Icelandic ice caps and glaciers lie above volcanoes, such as Grímsvötn and Bárðarbunga, which lie under the largest ice cap, Vatnajökull.
The Flade Isblink has two ice domes, the North Dome and the larger South Dome. [3] Kilen is a roughly triangular stretch of unglaciated flat land in the eastern shore with its apex in the ice cap between the two domes. [4] [5] The northern section of the ice cap is drained by two outlet glaciers flowing in a
Langjökull (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈlauŋkˌjœːkʏtl̥] ⓘ, Icelandic for "long glacier") is the second largest ice cap in Iceland (870 km 2 (340 sq mi)), [1] after Vatnajökull. It is situated in the west of the Icelandic interior or Highlands of Iceland and can be seen clearly from Haukadalur .