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Radius of gyration (in polymer science)(, unit: nm or SI unit: m): For a macromolecule composed of mass elements, of masses , =1,2,…,, located at fixed distances from the centre of mass, the radius of gyration is the square-root of the mass average of over all mass elements, i.e.,
It is often useful to give the gyrofrequency a sign with the definition = or express it in units of hertz with =. For electrons, this frequency can be reduced to , = (/).. In cgs-units the gyroradius = | | and the corresponding gyrofrequency = | | include a factor , that is the velocity of light, because the magnetic field is expressed in units [] = / /.
The mobility of non-spherical aerosol particles can be described by the hydrodynamic radius. In the continuum limit, where the mean free path of the particle is negligible compared to a characteristic length scale of the particle, the hydrodynamic radius is defined as the radius that gives the same magnitude of the frictional force, as that of a sphere with that radius, i.e.
For this case the radius of gyration is approximated using Flory's mean field approach which yields a scaling for the radius of gyration of: R g ∼ N ν {\displaystyle R_{g}\sim N^{\nu }} , where R g {\displaystyle R_{g}} is the radius of gyration of the polymer, N {\displaystyle N} is the number of bond segments (equal to the degree of ...
A quantity frequently used in polymer physics is the radius of gyration: = It is worth noting that the above average end-to-end distance, which in the case of this simple model is also the typical amplitude of the system's fluctuations, becomes negligible compared to the total unfolded length of the polymer N l {\displaystyle N\,l} at the ...
It is defined [8] as = where s b is the mean square radius of gyration of the branched macromolecule in a given solvent, and s l is the mean square radius of gyration of an otherwise identical linear macromolecule in the same solvent at the same temperature. A value greater than 1 indicates an increased radius of gyration due to branching.
= / is the radius of gyration, is the second moment of area (area moment of inertia), is the area cross section. For slender columns, the critical buckling stress is usually lower than the yield stress.
Although they have different units, the gyration tensor is related to the moment of inertia tensor. The key difference is that the particle positions are weighted by mass in the inertia tensor, whereas the gyration tensor depends only on the particle positions; mass plays no role in defining the gyration tensor.