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The H’s and T’s of ACLS is a mnemonic used to help recall the major contributing factors to pulseless arrest including PEA, Asystole, Ventricular Fibrillation, and Ventricular Tachycardia.
CARDIOLOGY. The 5 H’s and 5 T’s that may cause cardiac arrest. Also, treat: Hypoglycemia. Anemia. print.
This article will cover the reversible causes of cardiac arrest ('4 Hs and Ts'), including relevant investigations and management.
Determining and treating the cause of cardiac arrest is critical to improving patient outcomes. Fortunately, many causes of cardiac arrest are reversible, including the conditions listed below. These conditions are often referred to by the mnemonic “Hs and Ts”: Hypoxia: Cardiac arrest caused by pure hypoxemia is uncommon.
The H’s and T’s in ACLS are categories of reversible causes that contributes to the pulseless arrest including PEA, Asystole, Ventricular Fibrillation, and Ventricular Tachycardia. If reversible causes are suspected to trigger cardiac arrest, the causes must be immediately identified and treated.
Reversible Causes of Cardiac Arrest (H's & T's) Updated: Feb 9, 2023. During every Cardiac Arrest, we should always consider the reversible causes! These are not just for your ACLS & PALS Provider course. I follow a HEAD to TOE approach when considering the H’s & T’s, as it's easier to recall when following a systematic approach. Head:
The Reversible Causes of Cardiac Arrest: 4 Hs, 4 Ts. Cardiac arrest happens when the heart stops beating. When this occurs, the heart also loses its ability to pump blood throughout the body, thus interrupting blood flow. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and defibrillation are mainly the treatment for cardiac arrest.
European Guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) recommend treating reversible causes of cardiac arrest during CPR [1]. However, in practice while performing CPR often in stressful situations, it is difficult to remember all 4 “Ts” and 4 “Hs” causes (hypoxia, hypokalaemia/hyperkalaemia, hypothermia/hyperthermia, hypovolaemia ...
The 4 T’s and H’s of cardiac arrest is a powerful tool that helps healthcare providers precisely diagnose the root cause. It also addresses the underlying triggers of the arrest. Each T’s and H’s denote a potential reversible condition.
During CPR we should consider and correct reversible causes of cardiac arrest these factors are typically remembered as the Hs and Ts. A variety of disease processes can lead to a cardiac arrest; however, they usually boil down to one or more of the “Hs and Ts”; H’s: H ypoxia (give oxygen). H ypovolaemia (correct with IV fluids).