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Hippocampal sclerosis. Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) or mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) is a neuropathological condition with severe neuronal cell loss and gliosis in the hippocampus. [1] Neuroimaging tests such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET) may identify individuals with hippocampal sclerosis. [2]
Arachnoid cysts are cerebrospinal fluid covered by arachnoidal cells and collagen [1] that may develop between the surface of the brain and the cranial base or on the arachnoid membrane, one of the three meningeal layers that cover the brain and the spinal cord. [2] Primary arachnoid cysts are a congenital disorder whereas secondary arachnoid ...
A brain tumor occurs when abnormal cells form within the brain. [2] There are two main types of tumors: malignant (cancerous) tumors and benign (non-cancerous) tumors. [2] These can be further classified as primary tumors, which start within the brain, and secondary tumors, which most commonly have spread from tumors located outside the brain ...
As with any type of tumor, brain tumors are an abnormal growth of cells, the number of which will determine, in part, the overall size of the tumor. In the case of benign brain tumors, these cells ...
Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow. [1][2] This technique relies on the fact that cerebral blood flow and neuronal activation are coupled. When an area of the brain is in use, blood flow to that region also increases. [3]
B030ZZZ. ICD-9-CM. 88.91. OPS-301 code. 3-800, 3-820. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain uses magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to produce high quality two-dimensional or three-dimensional images of the brain and brainstem as well as the cerebellum without the use of ionizing radiation (X-rays) or radioactive tracers.
Pathophysiology. The chances of intracranial epidermoids is about 1% of all brain tumors. This benign tumor of the brain is made up of normal skin cells (stratified epithelial lining) on the outside, and fatty acids and keratin are on the inside of the tumor or sac. Only the sticky outer membrane is alive thus sticking to brain tissues and nerves.
Pilocytic astrocytoma (and its variant pilomyxoid astrocytoma) is a brain tumor that occurs most commonly in children and young adults (in the first 20 years of life). They usually arise in the cerebellum, near the brainstem, in the hypothalamic region, or the optic chiasm, but they may occur in any area where astrocytes are present, including the cerebral hemispheres and the spinal cord.
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