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The prognosis for a subependymoma is better than for most ependymal tumors, [3] and it is considered a grade I tumor in the World Health Organization (WHO) classification. They are classically found within the fourth ventricle , typically have a well demarcated interface to normal tissue and do not usually extend into the brain parenchyma ...
Ependymoblastomas, which occur in infants and children younger than 5 years of age, may spread through the cerebrospinal fluid and usually require radiation therapy. The subependymoma, a variant of the ependymoma, is apt to arise in the fourth ventricle but may occur in the septum pellucidum and the cervical spinal cord. It usually affects ...
Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA, SGCA, or SGCT) is a low-grade astrocytic brain tumor (astrocytoma) that arises within the ventricles of the brain. [1] It is most commonly associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).
The ependyma is the thin neuroepithelial (simple columnar ciliated epithelium) lining of the ventricular system of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord. [1] The ependyma is one of the four types of neuroglia in the central nervous system (CNS).
Choroid plexus papilloma differentials include the following: [28] Meningioma, Chordoid glioma, Rosette-forming glioneuronal tumor, Central nervous system lymphoma Metastasis, Central neurocytoma, Intraventricular tumors such as papillary ependymoma, Subependymoma, Subependymal giant cell tumor, Choroid plexus tumors, Medulloblastoma.
Pediatric ependymomas are similar in nature to the adult form of ependymoma in that they are thought to arise from radial glial cells lining the ventricular system.However, they differ from adult ependymomas in which genes and chromosomes are most often affected, the region of the brain they are most frequently found in, and the prognosis of the patients.
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Astrocytoma causes regional effects by compression, invasion, and destruction of brain parenchyma, arterial and venous hypoxia, competition for nutrients, release of metabolic end products (e.g., free radicals, altered electrolytes, neurotransmitters), and release and recruitment of cellular mediators (e.g., cytokines) that disrupt normal parenchymal function. [2]