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A castrated male steer, occasionally a female or in some areas an intact bull that is trained and kept for draft or riding purposes is called an ox (plural oxen); ox may also be used to refer to some carcass products from any adult cattle, such as ox-hide, ox-blood, oxtail, or ox-liver. [3] A springer is a cow or heifer that is close to calving ...
Cattle are not often kept solely for hides, and they are usually a by-product of beef production. Hides are used mainly for leather products such as shoes. In 2012, India was the world's largest producer of cattle hides. [114] Cattle hides account for around 65% of the world's leather production. [115] [116]
An ox (pl.: oxen), also known as a bullock (in British, Australian, and Indian English), [1] is a large bovine, trained and used as a draft animal. Oxen are commonly castrated adult male cattle , because castration inhibits testosterone and aggression, which makes the males docile and safer to work with.
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The female counterpart to a bull is a cow, while a male of the species that has been castrated is a steer, ox, [2] or bullock, although in North America, this last term refers to a young bull. [citation needed] Use of these terms varies considerably with area and dialect. Colloquially, people unfamiliar with cattle may also refer to steers and ...
Goats and sheep were domesticated in multiple events sometime between 11,000 and 5,000 years ago in Southwest Asia. [11] Pigs were domesticated by 8,500 BC in the Near East [12] and 6,000 BC in China. [13] Domestication of horses dates to around 4,000 BC. [14] Cattle have been domesticated since approximately 10,500 years ago.
Zebu oxen in Mumbai. The domestication of bovids has contributed to shifting the dependence of human beings from hunting and gathering to agriculture. The Bovidae includes three domesticated species whose use has spread around the world: cattle, sheep, and goats; all are from Eurasia.
One of the most difficult animals to muster are aged feral steers (US) or piker bullocks (AU), which were "micky bulls" (uncastrated young male cattle) that were caught, castrated and then later lost and grew up in the wild. [5] These bullocks often tend to live alone and are usually stronger than cows and young cattle. An old "piker" bullock