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The following is the chart of the International Phonetic Alphabet, a standardized system of phonetic symbols devised and maintained by the International Phonetic Association.
CHurch has six letters. 7 /k/, /ɡ/ k, hard c, q, hard g, ch (as sounded in loch), Both upper case K and lower case k look like two small 7s on their sides. In some fonts, the lower-right part of the upper case G looks like a 7. G is also the 7th letter of the alphabet. The velar stops /k/ and /ɡ/ form a voiceless and voiced pair. 8 /f/, /v/
The letters chosen for the IPA are meant to harmonize with the Latin alphabet. [note 7] For this reason, most letters are either Latin or Greek, or modifications thereof. Some letters are neither: for example, the letter denoting the glottal stop, ʔ , originally had the form of a question mark with the dot removed.
The same letter (or sequence of letters) may be pronounced differently when occurring in different positions within a word. For instance, gh represents /f/ at the end of some words (tough / t ʌ f /) but not in others (plough / p l aʊ /). At the beginning of syllables, gh is pronounced /ɡ/, as in ghost / ɡ oʊ s t /.
In the list, letters with diacritics are arranged in alphabetical order according to their base, e.g. å is alphabetised with a , not at the end of the alphabet, as it would be in Danish, Norwegian and Swedish. Substantially-modified letters, such as ſ (a variant of s ) and ɔ (based on o ), are placed at the end.
Between vowels in a few words mihi sky (never aspirated as in kill) i [j] Beginning of a word and before a vowel ianua yard [jː] Between vowels Gaius Doubled, as in toy yacht k [k] Always kalendae sky (never aspirated as in kill) l [l] Always paulum slip (never 'dark' as in pools) p [p] Always praeda spy (never aspirated as in pill)
For a letter in the alphabet, the associated word will usually begin with the same letter. In that word, tall letters (those descending below the baseline or ascending above the mean line – b, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, p, q, t, or y) and capital letters represent dashes, while short letters (aceimnorsuvwxz) represent dots.
words beginning with letter sequences bp dt gc bhf; letter sequences sc cht; no use of the letter J, K, Q, V, W. frequent bh, ch, dh, fh, gh, mh, th, sh; to distinguish from (Scottish) Gaelic: there may be words or names with the second (or even third) letter capitalized instead of the first: hÉireann.