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  2. Winkler titration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winkler_titration

    The amount of dissolved oxygen is a measure of the biological activity of the water masses. Phytoplankton and macroalgae present in the water mass-produce oxygen by way of photosynthesis. Bacteria and eukaryotic organisms (zooplankton, fish) consume this oxygen through cellular respiration. The result of these two mechanisms determines the ...

  3. Oxygen saturation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_saturation

    Dissolved oxygen levels required by various species in the Chesapeake Bay (US). In aquatic environments, oxygen saturation is a ratio of the concentration of "dissolved oxygen" (DO, O 2), to the maximum amount of oxygen that will dissolve in that water body, at the temperature and pressure which constitute stable equilibrium conditions.

  4. Ventilation/perfusion ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ventilation/perfusion_ratio

    Ideally, the oxygen provided via ventilation would be just enough to saturate the blood fully. In the typical adult, 1 litre of blood can hold about 200 mL of oxygen; 1 litre of dry air has about 210 mL of oxygen. Therefore, under these conditions, the ideal ventilation perfusion ratio would be about 0.95.

  5. Fish gill - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fish_gill

    The concentration of oxygen in water is lower than air and it diffuses more slowly. In a litre of freshwater the oxygen content is 8 cm 3 per litre compared to 210 in the same volume of air. [7] Water is 777 times more dense than air and is 100 times more viscous. [7] Oxygen has a diffusion rate in air 10,000 times greater than in water. [7]

  6. Hypoxia (environmental) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypoxia_(environmental)

    Low dissolved oxygen conditions are often seasonal, as is the case in Hood Canal and areas of Puget Sound, in Washington State. [9] The World Resources Institute has identified 375 hypoxic coastal zones around the world, concentrated in coastal areas in Western Europe, the Eastern and Southern coasts of the US, and East Asia, particularly in Japan.

  7. Oxygen saturation (medicine) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxygen_saturation_(medicine)

    At 1,600 meters' altitude (about one mile high) oxygen saturation should be above 92%. [11] An SaO 2 (arterial oxygen saturation) value below 90% causes hypoxia (which can also be caused by anemia). Hypoxia due to low SaO 2 is indicated by cyanosis, but oxygen saturation does not directly reflect tissue oxygenation. The affinity of hemoglobin ...

  8. Respiratory failure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Respiratory_failure

    Respiratory failure results from inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system, meaning that the arterial oxygen, carbon dioxide, or both cannot be kept at normal levels. A drop in the oxygen carried in the blood is known as hypoxemia; a rise in arterial carbon dioxide levels is called hypercapnia. Respiratory failure is classified as ...

  9. Human physiology of underwater diving - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_physiology_of...

    Once dissolved, distribution of the dissolved gas may be by diffusion, where there is no bulk flow of the solvent, or by perfusion where the solvent (blood) is circulated around the diver's body, where gas can diffuse to local regions of lower concentration. Given sufficient time at a specific partial pressure in the breathing gas, the ...

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