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  2. Contact hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contact_hypothesis

    The reduction of prejudice through intergroup contact can be described as the reconceptualization of group categories. Allport (1954) claimed that prejudice is a direct result of generalizations and oversimplifications made about an entire group of people based on incomplete or mistaken information.

  3. President's Commission for the Study of Ethical Problems in ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President's_Commission_for...

    The meeting files, correspondences, and unpublished papers from the commission are currently held in the Bioethics Research Library Kennedy Institute of Ethics at Georgetown University. [2] Multiple government formed organizations continued to fulfill the commission's purposes after its expiration, most specifically the Bioethical Medical ...

  4. Attributional ambiguity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attributional_ambiguity

    Furthermore, African Americans were likely to attribute both negative and positive reviews to prejudice if they could be seen by the evaluator. Being visible (and thus vulnerable to being stereotyped based on race) helped African Americans cope with negative reviews, but also made them more likely to discredit positive reviews.

  5. Minority stress - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minority_stress

    Minority stress describes high levels of stress faced by members of stigmatized minority groups. [1] It may be caused by a number of factors, including poor social support and low socioeconomic status; well understood causes of minority stress are interpersonal prejudice and discrimination.

  6. Multicultural counseling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multicultural_counseling

    Multicultural counseling is a type of counseling where the therapist addresses the struggles of a client whose race, gender, socioeconomic background, religion, or any other part of their identity doesn't fit in with the majority. Minorities have a history of dealing with racism and oppression, and in this lens, a counselor that doesn't take ...

  7. Allport's Scale - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allport's_scale

    Discrimination: The out-group is discriminated against by denying them opportunities and services, putting prejudice into action. [2] Behaviors have the intention of disadvantaging the out-group by preventing them from achieving goals, getting education or jobs, etc. Examples include Jim Crow laws in the US, Apartheid in South Africa, and the ...

  8. Diversity ideologies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diversity_ideologies

    Diversity ideology refers to individual beliefs regarding the nature of intergroup relations and how to improve them in culturally diverse societies. [1] A large amount of scientific literature in social psychology studies diversity ideologies as prejudice reduction strategies, most commonly in the context of racial groups and interracial interactions.

  9. Structural discrimination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Structural_discrimination

    Prejudice; Prisoner abuse; Racial bias in criminal news in the United States; Racism by country; Racial color blindness; Religious intolerance; Reverse discrimination. Reverse racism; Second-generation gender bias; Snobbery; Social equity; Social exclusion; Social identity threat; Social model of disability; Social privilege. Christian; male ...