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AKI - the other main type of kidney disease - can be caused by dehydration, blood loss, urinary tract obstructions such as kidney stones or blood clots, low blood pressure, or heart disease. It ...
Muscle pain and other symptoms often cause patients to stop taking a statin. [87] This is known as statin intolerance. A 2021 double-blind multiple crossover randomized controlled trial (RCT) in statin-intolerant patients found that adverse effects, including muscle pain, were similar between atorvastatin and placebo. [ 88 ]
Cerivastatin (INN, [1] brand names: Baycol, Lipobay) is a synthetic member of the class of statins used to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease.It was marketed by the pharmaceutical company Bayer A.G. in the late 1990s, competing with Pfizer's highly successful atorvastatin (Lipitor).
Atorvastatin is a statin medication used to prevent cardiovascular disease in those at high risk and to treat abnormal lipid levels. [4] For the prevention of cardiovascular disease, statins are a first-line treatment. [4] It is taken by mouth. [4] Common side effects include joint pain, diarrhea, heartburn, nausea, and muscle pains. [4]
Includes factors that can increase the risk of heart disease, such as kidney disease, obesity and a marker of poor blood sugar control (hemoglobin A1C). Calculates risk separately for men and women.
Rhabdomyolysis may cause kidney failure by several mechanisms. The most important is the accumulation of myoglobin in the kidney tubules. [10] [11] [13] Normally, the blood protein haptoglobin binds circulating myoglobin and other heme-containing substances, but in rhabdomyolysis the quantity of myoglobin exceeds the binding capacity of ...
Very low levels of azotemia may produce few, if any, symptoms. If the disease progresses, symptoms become noticeable (if the failure is of sufficient degree to cause symptoms). Kidney failure accompanied by noticeable symptoms is termed uraemia. [18] Symptoms of kidney failure include the following: [18] [19] [20] [21]
Kidney ischemia [1] is a disease with a high morbidity and mortality rate. [2] Blood vessels shrink and undergo apoptosis which results in poor blood flow in the kidneys. More complications happen when failure of the kidney functions result in toxicity in various parts of the body which may cause septic shock, hypovolemia, and a need for surgery. [3]
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