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2. Sentence (mathematical logic) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sentence_(mathematical_logic)

   Sentences are then built up out of atomic sentences by applying connectives and quantifiers. A set of sentences is called a theory; thus, individual sentences may be called theorems. To properly evaluate the truth (or falsehood) of a sentence, one must make reference to an interpretation of the theory.

3. Propositional variable - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propositional_variable

   In mathematical logic, a propositional variable (also called a sentence letter, [1] sentential variable, or sentential letter) is an input variable (that can either be true or false) of a truth function. Propositional variables are the basic building-blocks of propositional formulas, used in propositional logic and higher-order logics.

4. List of logic symbols - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_logic_symbols

   In logic, a set of symbols is commonly used to express logical representation. The following table lists many common symbols, together with their name, how they should be read out loud, and the related field of mathematics.

5. Logical reasoning - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_reasoning

   Logical reasoning happens by inferring a conclusion from a set of premises. [3] Premises and conclusions are normally seen as propositions. A proposition is a statement that makes a claim about what is the case. In this regard, propositions act as truth-bearers: they are either true or false. [18] [19] [3] For example, the sentence "The water ...

6. Propositional calculus - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propositional_calculus

   Propositional logic, as currently studied in universities, is a specification of a standard of logical consequence in which only the meanings of propositional connectives are considered in evaluating the conditions for the truth of a sentence, or whether a sentence logically follows from some other sentence or group of sentences.

7. Propositional formula - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propositional_formula

   The predicate calculus goes a step further than the propositional calculus to an "analysis of the inner structure of propositions" [4] It breaks a simple sentence down into two parts (i) its subject (the object (singular or plural) of discourse) and (ii) a predicate (a verb or possibly verb-clause that asserts a quality or attribute of the object(s)).

8. Logical truth - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_truth

   In this way all logical connectives can be expressed in terms of preserving logical truth. The logical form of a sentence is determined by its semantic or syntactic structure and by the placement of logical constants. Logical constants determine whether a statement is a logical truth when they are combined with a language that limits its meaning.

9. Logical connective - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_connective

   In logic, a logical connective (also called a logical operator, sentential connective, or sentential operator) is a logical constant. Connectives can be used to connect logical formulas. Connectives can be used to connect logical formulas.