Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Hereditary cancers are primarily caused by an inherited genetic defect. A cancer syndrome or family cancer syndrome is a genetic disorder in which inherited genetic mutations in one or more genes predisposes the affected individuals to the development of cancers and may also cause the early onset of these cancers. Although cancer syndromes ...
Oncogenomics is a sub-field of genomics that characterizes cancer-associated genes.It focuses on genomic, epigenomic and transcript alterations in cancer. Cancer is a genetic disease caused by accumulation of DNA mutations and epigenetic alterations leading to unrestrained cell proliferation and neoplasm formation.
The central role of DNA damage and epigenetic defects in DNA repair genes in carcinogenesis. DNA damage is considered to be the primary cause of cancer. [17] More than 60,000 new naturally-occurring instances of DNA damage arise, on average, per human cell, per day, due to endogenous cellular processes (see article DNA damage (naturally occurring)).
Cancer is a genetic disease where changes to genes can cause cells to grow and divide out of control. Each cancer can have a unique combination of genetic mutations, and even cells within the same tumour may have different genetic changes. In clinical settings, it has commonly been observed that the same types and doses of treatment can result ...
Hereditary cancer syndromes underlie 5 to 10% of all cancers and there are over 50 identifiable hereditary forms of cancer. [5] Scientific understanding of cancer susceptibility syndromes is actively expanding: additional syndromes are being found, [6] the underlying biology is becoming clearer, and genetic testing is improving detection, treatment, and prevention of cancer syndromes. [7]
Bloom's syndrome: Mutations in BLM gene which encodes a family of RecQ DNA Helicases cause accumulation of micronuclei that give rise to Bloom's syndrome which predisposes patients to cancer. [19] Fanconi anaemia: Fanconi anaemia is a disorder that predisposes patients to cancer due to its effect on DNA repair pathways. [20]
Another method for identifying oncogenes is to look for genes that are activated by mutations in human cancer cells or by chromosomal translocations that may indicate the presence of a gene that is crucial for cancer. [11] Cancer patients are generally categorized according to clinical parameters in order to tailor their cancer therapy.
Tobacco smoke, for example, causes 90% of lung cancer. [48] Tobacco use can cause cancer throughout the body including in the mouth and throat, larynx, esophagus, stomach, bladder, kidney, cervix, colon/rectum, liver and pancreas. [49] [50] Tobacco smoke contains over fifty known carcinogens, including nitrosamines and polycyclic aromatic ...