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  2. Phoneme - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phoneme

    Phonemes that are significantly limited by such restrictions may be called restricted phonemes. In English, examples of such restrictions include the following: /ŋ/, as in sing, occurs only at the end of a syllable, never at the beginning (in many other languages, such as Māori, Swahili, Tagalog, Thai, and Setswana, /ŋ/ can appear word ...

  3. Minimal pair - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minimal_pair

    Phonemic differentiation may vary between different dialects of a language so a particular minimal pair in one accent may be a pair of homophones in another. That means not that one of the phonemes is absent in the homonym accent but only that it is not contrastive in the same range of contexts.

  4. Phonemic awareness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonemic_awareness

    Phonemic awareness is a part of phonological awareness in which listeners are able to hear, identify and manipulate phonemes, the smallest mental units of sound that help to differentiate units of meaning . Separating the spoken word "cat" into three distinct phonemes, /k/, /æ/, and /t/, requires phonemic

  5. Phonemic orthography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phonemic_orthography

    A perfect phonemic orthography has one letter per group of sounds (phoneme), with different letters only where the sounds distinguish words (so "bed" is spelled differently from "bet"). A narrow phonetic transcription represents phones , the sounds humans are capable of producing, many of which will often be grouped together as a single phoneme ...

  6. Synthetic phonics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synthetic_phonics

    Then the learners are taught words with these sounds (e.g. sat, pat, tap, at). They are taught to pronounce each phoneme in a word, then to blend the phonemes together to form the word (e.g. s - a - t; "sat"). Sounds are taught in all positions of the words, but the emphasis is on all-through-the-word segmenting and blending from week one.

  7. English phonology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_phonology

    The following table shows the 24 consonant phonemes found in most dialects of English, plus /x/, whose distribution is more limited. Fortis consonants are always voiceless, aspirated in syllable onset (except in clusters beginning with /s/ or /ʃ/), and sometimes also glottalized to an extent in syllable coda (most likely to occur with /t/, see T-glottalization), while lenis consonants are ...

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  9. Recognition-by-components theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recognition-by-components...

    Biederman suggests that in the same way speech is made up by phonemes, objects are made up by geons, and as there are a great variance of phonemes, there is also a great variance of geons. It is more easily understood how 36 geons can compose the sum of all objects, when the sum of all language and human speech is made up of only 55 phonemes.