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Flaccid paralysis resulting from cholinergic crisis can be distinguished from myasthenia gravis by the use of the drug edrophonium (Tensilon), as it only worsens the paralysis caused by cholinergic crisis but strengthens the muscle response in the case of myasthenia gravis. (Edrophonium is a cholinesterase inhibitor, hence increases the ...
In the treatment of organophosphate toxicity, cholinesterase reactivators such as Pralidoxime reactivate inhibited AChE at peripheral nicotinic receptors. Since AChE mediates effects on both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors, cholinesterase reactivators are co-administered with muscarinic antagonists, primarily atropine .
Atipamezole has also been used as an antidote for various toxicities in dogs. For example, the anti- tick medication amitraz is commonly ingested by dogs who eat their anti-tick collars . [ 19 ] Amitraz works by the same mechanism as dexmedetomidine and is thus easily reversed by atipamezole.
Reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor agents such as physostigmine can be used as an antidote in life-threatening cases. Wider use is discouraged due to the significant side effects related to cholinergic excess including seizures, muscle weakness, bradycardia, bronchoconstriction, lacrimation, salivation, bronchorrhea, vomiting, and diarrhea.
Cholinergic crisis. Actions on the neuromuscular junction may result in prolonged muscle contraction. [22] The effects of neostigmine on postoperative nausea and vomiting are controversial and there is not a clear linkage in clinical practice, however, there is good evidence to support the reduction in risk when anticholinergic agents are ...
Here's how to prevent frostbite in dogs, according to a qualified vet. ... Below, expert vet Dr. Emma Chandley has explained the causes, symptoms, and treatment of frostbite in dogs. Emma is a ...
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