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Oil sludge or black sludge is a gel-like or semi-solid deposit inside an internal combustion engine, that can create a catastrophic buildup. It is often the result of contaminated engine oil and occurs when moisture and/or high heat is introduced to engine oil.
By far the greatest cause of motor-oil pollution in oceans comes from drains and urban street-runoff, much of it caused by improper disposal of engine oil. [51] One US gallon (3.8 L) of used oil can generate a 32,000 m 2 (8 acres) slick on surface water, threatening fish, waterfowl and other aquatic life. [ 50 ]
In two separate incidents in 1940, 74, and at least 17, men in units of the Swiss army experienced a similar outbreak when their cooking oil was contaminated with machine gun oil. They became known as the "Oil soldiers". In the 1950s, 11 South Africans used water from drums from a paint factory that previously stored TOCP.
Used oil re-refining is the process of restoring used oil to new oil by removing chemical impurities, heavy metals and dirt. [2] Used industrial and automotive oil is recycled at re-refineries. The used oil is first tested to determine suitability for re-refining, after which it is dehydrated and the water distillate is treated before being ...
Water and dirt can also further the effects of crankcase dilution. [1] Also, soot getting into the lube oil can cause crankcase dilution, but there are additives that can keep the soot at the top of the lube oil. Soot that collects in the crankcase fully goes away when the lube oil is changed out of the engine. Additives can be added to the oil ...
Petroleum microbiology is a branch of microbiology that deals with the study of microorganisms that can metabolize or alter crude or refined petroleum products.These microorganisms, also called hydrocarbonoclastic microorganisms, can degrade hydrocarbons and, include a wide distribution of bacteria, methanogenic archaea, and some fungi.
This is in part because pollution causes so many diseases that it is often difficult to draw a straight line between cause and effect. There are many types of pollution-related diseases, including those caused by air pollution, contaminated soil, water pollution and lacking water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH). Air pollution can be reduced.
Many compounds found in oil are highly toxic and can cause cancer (carcinogenic) as well as other diseases. [23] Studies in Taiwan link proximity to oil refineries to premature births. [26] Crude oil and petroleum distillates cause birth defects. [27] Benzene is present in both crude oil and gasoline and is known to cause leukaemia in humans. [28]