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In the context of human–computer interaction, a modality is the classification of a single independent channel of input/output between a computer and a human. Such channels may differ based on sensory nature (e.g., visual vs. auditory), [ 1 ] or other significant differences in processing (e.g., text vs. image). [ 2 ]
In his book The Humane Interface, Jef Raskin defines modality as follows: "An human-machine interface is modal with respect to a given gesture when (1) the current state of the interface is not the user's locus of attention and (2) the interface will execute one among several different responses to the gesture, depending on the system's current state."
It can handle various types of media for example in systems using VoiceXML. EMMA: Extensible Multimodal Annotation markup language by Michael Johnson and al. Ed., W3C, 2005. EMMA is an XML format to mark up the interpretation of user input with application-specific information such as the level of trust, the timestamp, the input modality and ...
The most common such interface combines a visual modality (e.g. a display, keyboard, and mouse) with a voice modality (speech recognition for input, speech synthesis and recorded audio for output). However other modalities, such as pen-based input or haptic input/output may be used. Multimodal user interfaces are a research area in human ...
These phenomena are very similar, however, split-attention conditions do not need to be present in order for the spatial contiguity principle to take effect. [1] The spatial contiguity principle is the idea that corresponding information is easier to learn in a multimedia format when presented close together rather than separate or farther apart.
A text's stasis can be altered by multimodality, especially when several mediums are juxtaposed to create an individualized experience or meaning. For example, an argument that mainly defines a concept is understood as arguing in the stasis of definition; however, it can also be assigned a stasis of value if the way the definition is delivered ...
Reading and writing is the most traditional form of multimodal learning. These learners use documents, books, and PDF's as their primary sources. Lastly, kinesthetic learning is one that gets its learners active. It commonly uses multiple learning types together at once. The main ways of learning are through demonstrations and multimedia ...
Multimodal learning is a type of deep learning that integrates and processes multiple types of data, referred to as modalities, such as text, audio, images, or video.This integration allows for a more holistic understanding of complex data, improving model performance in tasks like visual question answering, cross-modal retrieval, [1] text-to-image generation, [2] aesthetic ranking, [3] and ...