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Estrogens and progesterone promote mammary epithelial cell proliferation resulting in the formation of the primary and secondary ductal structure. Progesterone induces formation of tertiary side-branches in the mammary glands during puberty and during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle upon which lobuloalveolar structures form under the ...
One important type of parental care is the use of the mammary glands in the female breasts to nurse the baby. [4] The female reproductive system has two functions: The first is to produce egg cells, and the second is to protect and nourish the offspring until birth. The male reproductive system has one function, and it is to produce and deposit ...
A mammary gland is an exocrine gland in humans and other mammals that produces milk to feed young offspring.Mammals get their name from the Latin word mamma, "breast".The mammary glands are arranged in organs such as the breasts in primates (for example, humans and chimpanzees), the udder in ruminants (for example, cows, goats, sheep, and deer), and the dugs of other animals (for example, dogs ...
Sex organs are found in many species of animals and plants, with their features varying depending on the species. Sex organs are typically differentiated into male and female types. In animals (including humans), the male sex organs include the testicles , epididymides , and penis ; the female sex organs include the clitoris , ovaries ...
Plant reproductive morphology is the study of the physical form and structure (the morphology) of those parts of plants directly or indirectly concerned with sexual reproduction. Among all living organisms, flowers , which are the reproductive structures of angiosperms , are the most varied physically and show a correspondingly great diversity ...
Asexual reproduction in plants occurs in two fundamental forms, vegetative reproduction and agamospermy. [1] Vegetative reproduction involves a vegetative piece of the original plant producing new individuals by budding, tillering , etc. and is distinguished from apomixis , which is a replacement of sexual reproduction, and in some cases ...
In the absence of sexual reproduction, the genetic composition of plant material being multiplied remains essentially the same as its source plant. Clones of mother plants can be made with the exact genetic composition of the mother plant. Superior plants are selected and propagated vegetatively; the vegetative propagated offspring are used to ...
Branching morphogenesis is also evident in the ductal formation of the mammary gland. [23] [17] Primitive duct formation begins in development, but the branching formation of the duct system begins later in response to estrogen during puberty and is further refined in line with mammary gland development. [17] [24] [25]