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In the eyetracking visual world paradigm, experimental subjects listen to a sentence while staring at an array of pictures on a computer monitor.Their eye movements are recorded, allowing the experimenter to understand how language influences eye movements toward pictures related to the content of the sentence.
The theory has often been extended to a critical period for second-language acquisition (SLA). David Singleton states that in learning a second language, "younger = better in the long run", but points out that there are many exceptions, noting that five percent of adult bilinguals master a second language even though they begin learning it when they are well into adulthood—long after any ...
In contrast, an ungrammatical sentence is one that violates the rules of the given language variety. Linguists use grammaticality judgements to investigate the syntactic structure of sentences. Generative linguists are largely of the opinion that for native speakers of natural languages , grammaticality is a matter of linguistic intuition , and ...
Arguments in favour include the poverty of the stimulus, the universality of language acquisition, as well as experimental studies on learning and learnability. However, these arguments have been criticized, and the hypothesis is widely rejected in other traditions such as usage-based linguistics.
By contrast, generative theories generally provide performance-based explanations for the acceptability of center embedding sentences like one in (2). According to such explanations, the grammar of English could in principle generate such sentences, but doing so in practice is so taxing on working memory that the sentence ends up being unparsable .
Based on text analyses, semantic relatedness between units of language (e.g., words, sentences) can also be estimated using statistical means such as a vector space model to correlate words and textual contexts from a suitable text corpus. The evaluation of the proposed semantic similarity / relatedness measures are evaluated through two main ways.
Some Social Security recipients may have gotten an early New Year's Eve bounce in their bank account.. It's not a mistake, it's due to the way the days fall on the benefit program's calendar ...
Learning words in one's native language can be challenging because the extralinguistic context of use does not give specific enough information about word meanings. [1] Therefore, in addition to extralinguistic cues, conclusions about syntactic categories are made [ 2 ] which then lead to inferences about a word's meaning.