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Bioeconomics (fisheries), the study of the dynamics of living resources using economic models; Bioeconomics (biophysical), the study of economic systems applying the laws of thermodynamics; Biological economics, the study of the relationship between human biology and economics; Bioeconomics, the social theory of Nicholas Georgescu-Roegen
Biobased economy, bioeconomy or biotechonomy is an economic activity involving the use of biotechnology and biomass in the production of goods, services, or energy. The terms are widely used by regional development agencies, national and international organizations, and biotechnology companies.
Biological economics is an interdisciplinary field in which the interaction of human biology and economics is studied. The journal Economics and Human Biology covers the field and has an impact factor of 2.722.
A book entitled Ecological Economics, by Joan Martinez Alier, was published later that year. [21] Alier renewed interest in the approach developed by Otto Neurath during the interwar period. [22] The year 1989 saw the foundation of the International Society for Ecological Economics and publication of its journal, Ecological Economics, by Elsevier.
In biology and ecology, a resource is a substance or object in the environment required by an organism for normal growth, maintenance, and reproduction. Resources can be consumed by one organism and, as a result, become unavailable to another organism. [1] [2] [3] For plants key resources are light, nutrients, water, and space to
Genetic resources may also be used in biotechnology, such as for genetic engineering, though concerns have been raised that the use of such methods could increase genetic erosion. [16] Estimating the economic value of conserving such resources is difficult [17] and their global value is largely unquantified as a result. [18]
Short-term economic gains made by conversion of forest to agriculture, or overexploitation of wood products, typically leads to loss of long-term income and long term biological productivity. West Africa , Madagascar , Southeast Asia and many other regions have experienced lower revenue because of overexploitation and the consequent declining ...
This glossary of biology terms is a list of definitions of fundamental terms and concepts used in biology, the study of life and of living organisms.It is intended as introductory material for novices; for more specific and technical definitions from sub-disciplines and related fields, see Glossary of cell biology, Glossary of genetics, Glossary of evolutionary biology, Glossary of ecology ...