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1st century sculpture of Pluto in the Getty Villa. In ancient Greek religion and mythology, Pluto (Greek: Πλούτων, Ploutōn) was the ruler of the Greek underworld. The earlier name for the god was Hades, which became more common as the name of the underworld itself.
Thus, in 2011, he still referred to Pluto as a planet, [26] and accepted other likely dwarf planets such as Ceres and Eris, as well as the larger moons, as additional planets. [27] Several years before the IAU definition, he used orbital characteristics to separate "überplanets" (the dominant eight) from "unterplanets" (the dwarf planets ...
In ancient Roman religion, Ceres (/ ˈ s ɪər iː z / SEER-eez, [1] [2] Latin:) was a goddess of agriculture, grain crops, fertility and motherly relationships. [3] She was originally the central deity in Rome's so-called plebeian or Aventine Triad, then was paired with her daughter Proserpina in what Romans described as "the Greek rites of Ceres".
Eris is named after the Greek goddess Eris (Greek Ἔρις), a personification of strife and discord. [34] The name was proposed by the Caltech team on September 6, 2006, and it was assigned on September 13, 2006, [ 35 ] following an unusually long period in which the object was known by the provisional designation 2003 UB 313 , which was ...
Similarly, Eris, the malevolent "Goddess of Discord and Chaos", is the main antagonist in the DreamWorks 2003 animated movie Sinbad: Legend of the Seven Seas against Sinbad and his allies. The dwarf planet Eris was named after this Greek goddess in 2006. [103] In 2019, the New Zealand moth species Ichneutica eris was named in honour of Eris. [104]
However, acceptance of Eris as the tenth planet implicitly demanded a definition of planet that set Pluto as an arbitrary minimum size. Many astronomers, claiming that the definition of planet was of little scientific importance, preferred to recognise Pluto's historical identity as a planet by " grandfathering " it into the planet list.
Pluto (minor-planet designation: 134340 Pluto) is a dwarf planet in the Kuiper belt, a ring of bodies beyond the orbit of Neptune. It is the ninth-largest and tenth-most-massive known object to directly orbit the Sun. It is the largest known trans-Neptunian object by volume, by a small margin, but is less massive than Eris.
International Astronomical Union (IAU) adopted a new definition of planet. A new distinct class of objects called dwarf planets was also decided. Pluto was redefined as a dwarf planet along with Ceres and Eris, formerly known as (2003) UB 313. Eris was named after the IAU General Assembly in 2006. [25] [26]