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Map of Greater Indonesia, including Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei, Singapore, and East Timor. Greater Indonesia (Indonesian: Indonesia Raya) was an irredentist political concept that sought to bring the so-called Malay race together, by uniting the territories of the Dutch East Indies (and Portuguese Timor) with British Malaya and British Borneo. [1]
To resolve the dispute the would-be member states of Malaysia met representatives of Indonesia and the Philippines in Manila for several days, starting on 30 July 1963. Just days before the summit, on 27 July 1963, Sukarno had continued his inflammatory rhetoric, declaring that he was going to "crush Malaysia" (Indonesian: Ganyang Malaysia).
Although Malaya was effectively governed by the British, the Malays held de jure sovereignty over Malaya. A former British High Commissioner, Hugh Clifford, urged "everyone in this country [to] be mindful of the fact that this is a Malay country, and we British came here at the invitation of Their Highnesses the Malay Rulers, and it is our duty to help the Malays to rule their own country."
Additionally, 9 State Council Yang Di Pertua (heads of state), Chief Ministers and 2 representatives from the Straits Settlements became unofficial members. The Malay Conference of Rulers would advise the High Commissioner on immigration issues. The British Resident was replaced with a Chief Minister in each state of the federation.
After Malaysia came into being, the Alliance Party of the Malay Peninsula became closely associated with other alliance parties in Sabah and Sarawak. In the 1964 general election , boosted by the formation of Malaysia and the confrontation with Indonesia , the Alliance Party was even more successful, winning a majority (58.4%) of the votes and ...
SF was seen as pro-Indonesia and pro-China, [7] [8] causing the Socialist Front leader's arrest. Among those detained and arrested were Ahmad Boestamam ( PRM president ), Ishak Haji Muhammad ( PBM president ), Abdul Aziz Ishak ( NCP president ) and Datuk Kampo Radjo (later to become president of the PRM), Tan Kai Hee , Tan Hock Hin, Dr. M.K ...
30 September Movement; Part of the Cold War in Asia and Transition to the New Order: Pancasila Sakti Monument. Victims found in Lubang Buaya.From left to right: General Ahmad Yani, Brigadier General D. I. Pandjaitan, Major General R. Suprapto, Brigadier General Sutoyo Siswomiharjo, Major General M. T. Haryono, Major General S. Parman, First Lieutenant Pierre Tendean.
Sultan of Selangor: Sultan Hisamuddin Alam Shah (Deputy Yang di-Pertuan Agong) Sultan of Terengganu: Sultan Ismail Nasiruddin Shah; Yang di-Pertuan Besar Negeri Sembilan: Tunku Munawir (Regent) Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Penang: Raja Tun Uda; Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Malacca: Tun Leong Yew Koh (Source: Malaysian Department of Informations)