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  2. Lists of countries by mineral production - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lists_of_countries_by...

    Metal Largest producer Second largest producer Complete list Aluminium [6] China India List of countries by aluminium production: Bauxite [7] Australia Guinea List of countries by bauxite production

  3. Gallium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gallium

    Gallium trichloride is a common starting reagent for the formation of organogallium compounds, such as in carbogallation reactions. [44] Gallium trichloride reacts with lithium cyclopentadienide in diethyl ether to form the trigonal planar gallium cyclopentadienyl complex GaCp 3. Gallium(I) forms complexes with arene ligands such as ...

  4. Bauxite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bauxite

    It is the world's main source of aluminium and gallium. Bauxite consists mostly of the aluminium minerals gibbsite ( Al(OH) 3 ), boehmite (γ-AlO(OH)) and diaspore (α-AlO(OH)), mixed with the two iron oxides goethite (FeO(OH)) and haematite ( Fe 2 O 3 ), the aluminium clay mineral kaolinite ( Al 2 Si 2 O 5 (OH) 4 ) and small amounts of anatase ...

  5. Germanium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Germanium

    Because germanium and gallium arsenide have nearly identical lattice constant, germanium substrates can be used to make gallium-arsenide solar cells. [80] Germanium is the substrate of the wafers for high-efficiency multijunction photovoltaic cells for space applications, such as the Mars Exploration Rovers , which use triple-junction gallium ...

  6. Abundance of elements in Earth's crust - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abundance_of_elements_in...

    World Book Encyclopedia, Exploring Earth. HyperPhysics, Georgia State University, Abundance of Elements in Earth's Crust. Eric Scerri, The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance, Oxford University Press, 2007 "EarthRef.org Digital Archive (ERDA) -- Major Element Composition of the Core vs the Bulk Earth". earthref.org

  7. Polymetallic ore - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymetallic_ore

    The classification of lead-zinc deposits in particular has been varied and resulted in a number of different organizations schemes. [1] The term "polymetallic ore" also includes nodules, principally Manganese nodules, that do not form as terrestrial deposits but as concretions on the ocean floor. [3] [4]

  8. Salt mining - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_mining

    Diorama of an underground salt mine in Germany. Inside Salina Veche, in Slănic, Prahova, Romania.The railing (lower middle) gives the viewer an idea of scale. Before the advent of the modern internal combustion engine and earth-moving equipment, mining salt was one of the most expensive and dangerous of operations because of rapid dehydration caused by constant contact with the salt (both in ...

  9. Mining in Tajikistan - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_in_Tajikistan

    That total equals about 49g of silver per tonne of ore. The same tonne contains 480g of lead and 380g of zinc. The deposit has one billion tonnes of ore. The silver deposit is the world's second largest, according to the Tajik government. The world's most productive silver mine is Cannington in Australia. However, Soviet-era projections took ...