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The Lesser Himalaya (LH) tectonic plate is mainly formed by Upper Proterozoic to lower Cambrian detrital sediments from the passive Indian margin intercalated with some granites and acid volcanics (1840 ±70 Ma [17]). These sediments are thrust over the Sub-himalayan range along the
This paradoxically results in divergence which was only incorporated in the theory of plate tectonics in 1970, but still results in net destruction when summed over major plate boundaries. [2] Divergent boundaries are areas where plates move away from each other, forming either mid-ocean ridges or rift valleys. These are also known as ...
The Himalayan range is one of the youngest mountain ranges on the planet and consists of uplifted sedimentary and metamorphic rock. According to the modern theory of plate tectonics, it was formed as a result of a continental collision and orogeny along the convergent boundary between the India and Eurasian Plates.
The northern margin of the Indian plate forms a convergent boundary with the Eurasian plate, which constitutes the active orogenic process of the Himalayas and the Hindukush mountains. The northeast side of the Australian plate forms a subduction boundary with the Eurasian plate in the Indian Ocean between the borders of Bangladesh and Burma ...
The Lesser Himalayan Sequence is a unit emplaced before the mountain-building processes. [3] The Greater Himalayan Crystalline complex represents a high-grade unit moved towards SW from the hinterland. The Tethyan Himalayan Sequence represents strata deposited in the former passive margin in the Northern edge of Indian plate. [11] [12]
The Main Frontal Thrust (MFT), also known as the Himalayan Frontal Thrust (HFT), is a geological fault in the Himalayas that defines the boundary between the Himalayan foothills and Indo-Gangetic Plain. [1] The fault is well expressed on the surface thus could be seen via satellite imagery.
Continental-continental divergent/constructive boundary Oceanic divergent boundary: mid-ocean ridge (cross-section/cut-away view). In plate tectonics, a divergent boundary or divergent plate boundary (also known as a constructive boundary or an extensional boundary) is a linear feature that exists between two tectonic plates that are moving away from each other.
Map of Earth's principal plates (convergent boundaries shown as blue or mauve lines) The collision between the Eurasian plate and the Indian plate that is forming the Himalayas. [22] [23] The collision between the Australian plate and the Pacific plate that formed the Southern Alps in New Zealand