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The Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) is an index derived from the Oswestry Low Back Pain Questionnaire used by clinicians and researchers to quantify disability for low back pain and quality of life. This validated questionnaire was first published by Jeremy Fairbank et al. in Physiotherapy in 1980. [1] The current version was published in the ...
The SEM is used to set the confidence interval (CI) around an individual score, that is, the observed score plus or minus 1.96 SEMS constitutes the 95% CI. In fact, the reliable change index proposed early by Jacobson and Truax [12] is based on defining change using the statistical convention of exceeding 2 standard errors" (p. 106).
scale to rate pain. The McGill Pain Questionnaire, also known as McGill Pain Index, is a scale of rating pain developed at McGill University by Melzack and Torgerson in 1971. [ 1 ] It is a self-report questionnaire that allows individuals to give their doctor a good description of the quality and intensity of pain that they are experiencing.
The Ottawa knee rules are a set of rules used to help physicians determine whether an x-ray of the knee is needed. [1] They state that an X-ray is required only in patients who have an acute knee injury with one or more of the following: Age 55 years or older. Tenderness at head of fibula. Isolated tenderness of patella.
The Brief Pain Inventory (BPI) is widely used around the world today to help with measuring a patients' pain intensity and the amount of interference the pain has on their being able to function in everyday life. BPI was originally intended to help measure cancer patients pain, but today it is used in cancer related cases as well as non-cancer ...
The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, or MELD, is a scoring system for assessing the severity of chronic liver disease.It was initially developed to predict mortality within three months of surgery in patients who had undergone a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure, [1] and was subsequently found to be useful in determining prognosis and prioritizing for receipt of ...
FLACC scale. The FLACC scale or Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability scale is a measurement used to assess pain for children between the ages of 2 months and 7 years or individuals that are unable to communicate their pain. The scale is scored in a range of 0–10 with 0 representing no pain. The scale has five criteria, which are each ...
APACHE II ("Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II") is a severity-of-disease classification system, [1] one of several ICU scoring systems.It is applied within 24 hours of admission of a patient to an intensive care unit (ICU): an integer score from 0 to 71 is computed based on several measurements; higher scores correspond to more severe disease and a higher risk of death.