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Less commonly the parotid gland or rarely the sublingual gland or a minor salivary gland may develop salivary stones. The usual symptoms are pain and swelling of the affected salivary gland, both of which get worse when salivary flow is stimulated, e.g. with the sight, thought, smell or taste of food, or with hunger or chewing.
Then, when salivary secretion is stimulated, the mucus plug becomes stuck in the stricture. [1] The backlog of saliva behind the blockage causes the swelling, and the increased pressure inside the gland causes the pain. When the mucus plug is dislodged, the built up saliva is released and the swelling subsides.
It should not be confused with sialadenosis (sialosis) which is a non-inflammatory enlargement of the major salivary glands. [2] Sialadenitis can be further classed as acute or chronic. Acute sialadenitis is an acute inflammation of a salivary gland which may present itself as a red, painful swelling that is tender to touch.
Cheilitis glandularis—This is inflammation of the minor salivary glands, usually in the lower lip, eversion and swelling of the lip. [11] Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis is a salivary gland manifestation of IgG4-related disease. [13] [14]
A sialolithiasis is a salivary stone that may cause blockage of the ducts, most commonly the submandibular ducts, causing pain and swelling of the gland. [ 33 ] Salivary gland dysfunction is either a reduced ( hyposalivation ), or an increased ( hypersalivation ) production of saliva.
Salivary gland tumours usually present as a lump or swelling in the affected gland which may or may not have been present for a long time. The lump may be accompanied by symptoms of duct blockage (e.g. xerostomia). Usually, in their early stages, it is not possible to distinguish a benign tumour from a malignant one.
Parotitis presents as swelling at the angle of the jaw. Bacterial parotitis presents as a unilateral swelling, where the gland is swollen and tender and usually produces pus at the Stensen's duct. This pus is usually sampled and the bacteria within are identified. Common causative bacteria are Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and E ...
Sialodochitis (also termed ductal sialadenitis), [1] is inflammation of the duct system of a salivary gland. [2] This is compared to sialadenitis, which is inflammation of the gland parenchyma. [3] Sialodochitis may be associated with salivary duct strictures and salivary stones. [4] It is common in both the parotid glands and submandibular ...