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There remained entomological polyhistors – those who continued to work on the insect fauna as a whole. From the beginning of the century, however, the specialist began to predominate, harbingered by Johann Wilhelm Meigen 's Nouvelle classification des mouches à deux aile (New classification of the Diptera) commenced in the first year of the ...
The fossils that were considered as Devonian insects, such as Rhyniognatha hirsti [17] or Strudiella devonica [18] were later reconsidered that their affinities as insects are insufficient. [ 3 ] [ 19 ] But based on phylogenic study, the first insects probably appeared earlier, in the Silurian period, [ 16 ] from stem-group crustaceans like ...
1800–1700 BC, Minoan jewellery, Malia, Crete: two golden bees over a honey comb Entomology, the scientific study of insects and closely related terrestrial arthropods, has been impelled by the necessity of societies to protect themselves from insect-borne diseases, crop losses to pest insects, and insect-related discomfort, as well as by people's natural curiosity.
Entomological warfare is not a new concept; historians and writers have studied EW in connection to multiple historic events. A 14th-century plague epidemic in Asia Minor that eventually became known as the Black Death (carried by fleas) is one such event that has drawn attention from historians as a possible early incident of entomological warfare. [4]
These feelings were most pronounced in areas directly or harshly affected by the war where centuries-old royal dynasties were toppled, such as the Weimar Republic (1918-1933), Russian Civil War (1917-1923), and the successor states of Austria-Hungary.
Globally, averages of these predictions estimate there are around 1.5 million beetle species and 5.5 million insect species, with around 1 million insect species currently found and described. [3] Between 950,000–1,000,000 of all described animal species are considered insects, so over 50% of all described eukaryotes (1.8 million species) are ...
These insects were seen in swarms estimated at over 10 trillion members as late as 1875. Soon after, their population rapidly declined, with the last recorded sighting in 1902, and the species formally declared extinct in 2014. The fossil record concerning insects stretches back hundreds of millions of years.
Robust population data exist only for the last two or three centuries. Until the late 18th century, few governments had ever performed an accurate census. In many early attempts, such as in Ancient Egypt and the Persian Empire, the focus was on counting merely a subset of the population for purposes of taxation or military service. [2]