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  2. Momentum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Momentum

    The momentum of the object at time t is therefore p(t) = m(t)v(t). One might then try to invoke Newton's second law of motion by saying that the external force F on the object is related to its momentum p(t) by F = ⁠ dp / dt ⁠, but this is incorrect, as is the related expression found by applying the product rule to ⁠ d(mv) / dt ⁠: [17]

  3. Impulse (physics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impulse_(physics)

    t 1 and t 2 are times when the impulse begins and ends, respectively, m is the mass of the object, v 2 is the final velocity of the object at the end of the time interval, and; v 1 is the initial velocity of the object when the time interval begins. Impulse has the same units and dimensions (MLT −1) as momentum.

  4. Newton's laws of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Newton's_laws_of_motion

    At any instant of time, the net force on a body is equal to the body's acceleration multiplied by its mass or, equivalently, the rate at which the body's momentum is changing with time. If two bodies exert forces on each other, these forces have the same magnitude but opposite directions. [1] [2]

  5. Euler's laws of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euler's_laws_of_motion

    Euler's second law states that the rate of change of angular momentum L about a point that is fixed in an inertial reference frame (often the center of mass of the body), is equal to the sum of the external moments of force acting on that body M about that point: [1] [4] [5]

  6. Equations of motion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equations_of_motion

    There are two main descriptions of motion: dynamics and kinematics.Dynamics is general, since the momenta, forces and energy of the particles are taken into account. In this instance, sometimes the term dynamics refers to the differential equations that the system satisfies (e.g., Newton's second law or Euler–Lagrange equations), and sometimes to the solutions to those equations.

  7. Hamiltonian mechanics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamiltonian_mechanics

    In this example, the time derivative of q is the velocity, and so the first Hamilton equation means that the particle's velocity equals the derivative of its kinetic energy with respect to its momentum. The time derivative of the momentum p equals the Newtonian force, and so the second Hamilton equation means that the force equals the negative ...

  8. Balance of angular momentum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balance_of_angular_momentum

    The area rule is a corollary of the angular momentum law in the form: The resulting moment is equal to the product of twice the mass and the time derivative of the areal velocity. [ 10 ] It refers to the ray r → {\displaystyle {\vec {r}}} to a point mass with mass m .

  9. Torque - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torque

    The cross product of momentum with its associated velocity is zero because velocity and momentum are parallel, so the second term vanishes. Therefore, torque on a particle is equal to the first derivative of its angular momentum with respect to time.