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Menotropin preparations are designed for use in selected women where they stimulate the ovaries to mature follicles, thus making them more fertile. They are administered by typically daily injection, intramuscularly or subcutaneously, for about ten days under close supervision to adjust dose and duration of therapy.
Fertility medications, also known as fertility drugs, are medications which enhance reproductive fertility. For women, fertility medication is used to stimulate follicle development of the ovary. [1] There are very few fertility medication options available for men. [2]
According to CDC, "they do not include treatments in which only sperm are handled (i.e., intrauterine—or artificial—insemination) or procedures in which a woman takes medicine only to stimulate egg production without the intention of having eggs retrieved." [1]
[1] [81] Contraceptive vaginal rings and contraceptive patches likewise have been found to increase SHBG levels by 2.5-fold and 3.5-fold, respectively. [125] [81] Birth control pills containing high doses of ethinylestradiol (>50 μg) can increase SHBG levels by 5- to 10-fold, which is similar to the increase that occurs during pregnancy. [128]
Clomifene is sometimes used in the treatment of male hypogonadism as an alternative to testosterone replacement therapy. [17] [non-primary source needed] It has been found to increase testosterone levels by 2- to 2.5-times in hypogonadal men at such dosages.
Dopamine agonists for infertility treatment are commonly administered to hyperprolactinemic anovulation patients. Both bromocriptine and cabergoline are the first-line dopamine agonist in hyperprolactinemia treatment. [46] Cabergoline is currently more preferred than bromocrptine due to its higher efficacy and fewer side effects like nausea. [53]
Estrogens may be used in treatment of infertility in women when there is a need to develop sperm-friendly cervical mucus or an appropriate uterine lining. [65] [66] It is also commonly used during in vitro fertilization (IVF). Estrogen helps maintain the endometrial lining of the uterus and help prepare for pregnancy.
The drugs are able to significantly reduce the size of the prostate gland and to alleviate symptoms of the condition. [ 14 ] [ 32 ] Long-term treatment with 5α-reductase inhibitors is also able to significantly reduce the overall risk of prostate cancer, although a simultaneous small increase in the risk of certain high-grade tumors has been ...
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