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  2. Congruence (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congruence_(geometry)

    Congruence permits alteration of some properties, such as location and orientation, but leaves others unchanged, like distances and angles. The unchanged properties are called invariants. In geometry, two figures or objects are congruent if they have the same shape and size, or if one has the same shape and size as the mirror image of the other.

  3. Transversal (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transversal_(geometry)

    This contradicts Proposition 16 which states that an exterior angle of a triangle is always greater than the opposite interior angles. [5]: 307 [3]: Art. 88 Euclid's Proposition 28 extends this result in two ways. First, if a transversal intersects two lines so that corresponding angles are congruent, then the lines are parallel.

  4. Perpendicular - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpendicular

    In geometry, two geometric objects are perpendicular if their intersection forms right angles (angles that are 90 degrees or π/2 radians wide) at the point of intersection called a foot. The condition of perpendicularity may be represented graphically using the perpendicular symbol, . Perpendicular intersections can happen between two lines ...

  5. Parallelogram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallelogram

    In Euclidean geometry, a parallelogram is a simple (non- self-intersecting) quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides. The opposite or facing sides of a parallelogram are of equal length and the opposite angles of a parallelogram are of equal measure. The congruence of opposite sides and opposite angles is a direct consequence of the ...

  6. Angle bisector theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Angle_bisector_theorem

    The angle bisector theorem states that the ratio of the length of the line segment BD to the length of segment CD is equal to the ratio of the length of side AB to the length of side AC: and conversely, if a point D on the side BC of ABC divides BC in the same ratio as the sides AB and AC, then AD is the angle bisector of angle ∠ A.

  7. Hilbert's axioms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hilbert's_axioms

    If A, B are two points on a line a, and if A′ is a point upon the same or another line a′, then, upon a given side of A′ on the straight line a′, we can always find a point B′ so that the segment AB is congruent to the segment A′B′. We indicate this relation by writing AB ≅ A′B′.

  8. Arrangement of lines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrangement_of_lines

    For each pair of lines, there can be only one cell where the two lines meet at the bottom vertex, so the number of downward-bounded cells is at most the number of pairs of lines, () /. Adding the unbounded and bounded cells, the total number of cells in an arrangement can be at most n ( n + 1 ) / 2 + 1 {\displaystyle n(n+1)/2+1} . [ 5 ]

  9. AA postulate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AA_postulate

    AA postulate. In Euclidean geometry, the AA postulate states that two triangles are similar if they have two corresponding angles congruent. The AA postulate follows from the fact that the sum of the interior angles of a triangle is always equal to 180°. By knowing two angles, such as 32° and 64° degrees, we know that the next angle is 84 ...