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Vehicle emissions control is the study of reducing the emissions produced by motor vehicles, especially internal combustion engines. The primary emissions studied include hydrocarbons, volatile organic compounds, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxides, particulate matter, and sulfur oxides. Starting in the 1950s and 1960s, various ...
Two sets, or tiers, of emission standards for light-duty vehicles in the United States were defined as a result of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990. The Tier I standard was adopted in 1991 and was phased in from 1994 to 1997. Tier II standards were phased in from 2004 to 2009. Within the Tier II ranking, there is a subranking ranging from ...
Byte 4,5 - Liquid regent injection system (e.g. fuel-borne catalyst) failure counter Byte 6,7 - Malfunction of Particulate control monitoring system counter 0 65,535 h C7: 199: 2 Distance Since Reflash or Module Replacement 0 65,535 km C8: 200: 1 NOx Control Diagnostic (NCD) and Particulate Control Diagnostic (PCD) Warning Lamp status - - Bit ...
An evaporative cooler (also known as evaporative air conditioner, swamp cooler, swamp box, desert cooler and wet air cooler) is a device that cools air through the evaporation of water. Evaporative cooling differs from other air conditioning systems, which use vapor-compression or absorption refrigeration cycles.
An onboard refueling vapor recovery system (ORVR) is a vehicle fuel vapor emission control system that captures volatile organic compounds (VOC, potentially harmful vapors) during refueling. [1][page needed] There are two types of vehicle fuel vapor emission control systems: the ORVR, and the Stage II vapor recovery system. [2]
This was the first mass market system with controls on the dash and an electric clutch. [14] This system was also compact and serviceable with all of its components installed under the hood or in the cowl area. [15] Combining heating, cooling, and ventilating, the new air conditioning system for the Nash cars was called the "All-Weather Eye". [16]
For instance, on the Corvette there are interfaces for the Class 2 serial data stream from the PCM, the CCM diagnostic terminal, the radio data stream, the airbag system, the selective ride control system, the low tire pressure warning system, and the passive keyless entry system. [21] An OBD 1.5 has also been used in the Ford Scorpio since 95 ...
MIL on a running engine indicating malfunction in engine control system. A check engine light or malfunction indicator lamp (MIL), is a tell-tale that a computerized engine-management system used to indicate a malfunction or problem with the vehicle ranging from minor (such as a loose gas cap) to serious (worn spark plugs, engine problems or a ...