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Charred crumbs of a flatbreadmade by Natufianhunter-gatherersfrom wild wheat, wild barley and plant roots between 11,600 and 14,600 years ago have been found at the archaeological site of Shubayqa 1in the Black Desertin Jordan, predating the earliest-known making of bread from cultivated wheat by thousands of years.
The process of fermentation in winemaking turns grape juice into an alcoholic beverage. During fermentation, yeasts transform sugars present in the juice into ethanol and carbon dioxide (as a by-product). In winemaking, the temperature and speed of fermentation are important considerations as well as the levels of oxygen present in the must at ...
Food processing is the transformation of agricultural products into food, or of one form of food into other forms. Food processing takes many forms, from grinding grain into raw flour, home cooking, and complex industrial methods used in the making of convenience foods. Some food processing methods play important roles in reducing food waste ...
Winemaking. Wine grapes from the Guadalupe Valley in Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico. Winemaking, wine-making, or vinification is the production of wine, starting with the selection of the fruit, its fermentation into alcohol, and the bottling of the finished liquid. The history of wine -making stretches over millennia.
Saccharomyces cerevisiae (/ ˌsɛrəˈvɪsi.iː /) (brewer's yeast or baker's yeast) is a species of yeast (single-celled fungal microorganisms). The species has been instrumental in winemaking, baking, and brewing since ancient times. It is believed to have been originally isolated from the skin of grapes.
Nordic bread culture. (Redirected from Nordic Bread Culture) Assortment of different types of bread, including rye, flatbreads, crispbreads, and nut bread. Danish rye bread made with whole grain, broken grain, and seeds. Nordic bread culture has existed in Denmark, Finland, Norway, and Sweden from prehistoric times through to the present.
Brown bread (left) and whole grain bread. Dark sprouted bread. Ruisreikäleipä, a flat rye flour loaf with a hole. Bread is the staple food of the Middle East, Central Asia, North Africa, Europe, and in European-derived cultures such as those in the Americas, Australia, and Southern Africa.
History of South African wine. The first wine produced in South Africa was made by Jan van Riebeeck at a settlement founded by the Dutch East India Company. The early history of the South African wine industry (also known as New World wine) can be traced to the founding of a supply station at the Cape of Good Hope by the Dutch East India Company.