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Formulated drugs are stored in container closure systems for extended periods of time. These include blisters, bottles, vials, ampules, syringes, and cartridges. The containers can be made from a variety of materials including glass, plastic, and metal. The drug may be stored as a solid, liquid, or gas.
anon, Guidance for Industry: Container Closure Systems for Packaging Human Drugs and Biologics, May 1999, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Lockhart, H., and Paine, F.A., "Packaging of Pharmaceuticals and Healthcare Products", 2006, Blackie, ISBN 0-7514-0167-6
An aluminum bottle with a threaded aluminum screw closure. A closure is a device used to close or seal a container such as a bottle, jug, jar, tube, or can. A closure may be a cap, cover, lid, plug, liner, or the like. [1] The part of the container to which the closure is applied is called the finish. [2]
BFS-packaged eye drops for single use. Blow-Fill-Seal, also spelled as Blow/Fill/Seal, in this article abbreviated as BFS, is an automated manufacturing process by which plastic containers, such as bottles or ampoules are, in a continuous operation, blow-formed, filled, and sealed.
The child-resistant locking closure for containers was invented in 1967 by Dr. Henri Breault. [7]A history of accidents involving children opening household packaging and ingesting the contents led the United States Congress to pass the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970, authored by U.S. Senator Frank E. Moss of Utah.
Aseptic processing was derived from Olin Ball's heat-cool-fill (HCF) machine that was developed in 1927. [5] While HCF was successful in improving the sensory quality of the processed chocolate milk as compared to canned product, the use of the equipment was hindered by its cost, maintenance, and inflexibility to process various container sizes, rendering the machine a failure.
the specific distribution system being used: the expected (and worst case) time and temperatures; regulatory requirements; the specific combination of packaging components and materials being used; In specifying an insulated shipping container, the two primary characteristics of the material are its thermal conductivity or R-value, and its ...
From 1911, Schott manufactured borosilicate glass tubing for the production of pharmaceutical ampoules and vials. [8] Schott Pharma was established as a standalone company in 2022 under the name Schott Pharma AG & Co. KGaA [9] [6] through an equity carve-out (or spin-off) from Schott AG, a manufacturer of specialty glass and glass-ceramics.