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  2. Representativeness heuristic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Representativeness_heuristic

    A medical example is described by Axelsson. Say a doctor performs a test that is 99% accurate, and the patient tests positive for the disease. However, the incidence of the disease is 1/10,000. The patient's actual risk of having the disease is 1%, because the population of healthy people is so much larger than the disease.

  3. Conjunction fallacy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunction_fallacy

    For example, even choosing a very low probability of Linda's being a bank teller, say Pr(Linda is a bank teller) = 0.05 and a high probability that she would be a feminist, say Pr(Linda is a feminist) = 0.95, then, assuming these two facts are independent of each other, Pr(Linda is a bank teller and Linda is a feminist) = 0.05 × 0.95 or 0.0475 ...

  4. List of rules of inference - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rules_of_inference

    Each logic operator can be used in an assertion about variables and operations, showing a basic rule of inference. Examples: The column-14 operator (OR), shows Addition rule: when p=T (the hypothesis selects the first two lines of the table), we see (at column-14) that p∨q=T.

  5. Occam's razor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occam's_razor

    5.47321 "Occam's Razor is, of course, not an arbitrary rule nor one justified by its practical success. It simply says that unnecessary elements in a symbolism mean nothing. Signs which serve one purpose are logically equivalent; signs which serve no purpose are logically meaningless." and on the related concept of "simplicity":

  6. List of cognitive biases - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_cognitive_biases

    Overconfidence effect, a tendency to have excessive confidence in one's own answers to questions. For example, for certain types of questions, answers that people rate as "99% certain" turn out to be wrong 40% of the time. [5] [44] [45] [46] Planning fallacy, the tendency for people to underestimate the time it will take them to complete a ...

  7. Doctors Say This Viral "Sleep Rule" Actually Works - AOL

    www.aol.com/lifestyle/doctors-viral-sleep-rule...

    The 10-3-2-1-0 rule breaks down several factors that may impact your sleep so ... “There’s a lot of data that says the light disrupts the circadian rhythm and delays sleep onset,” says Dr ...

  8. Medical College Admission Test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_College_Admission_Test

    The Medical College Admission Test (MCAT; / ˈ ɛ m k æ t / EM-kat) is a computer-based standardized examination for prospective medical students in the United States, Australia, [9] Canada, and the Caribbean Islands. It is designed to assess problem solving, critical thinking, written analysis and knowledge of scientific concepts and principles.

  9. Reality star Judge Judy says Gen Z are difficult to work with ...

    www.aol.com/finance/reality-star-judge-judy-says...

    Reality star Judge Judy says Gen Z are difficult to work with because they got too many trophies: ‘When I grew up, you ran a race, you came in first, you got a trophy’ Orianna Rosa Royle May ...

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