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A 2009 study in Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses based on data from fourteen European countries estimated a total of 2.64 million excess deaths in Europe attributable to the Spanish flu during the major 1918–1919 phase of the pandemic, in line with the three prior studies from 1991, 2002, and 2006 that calculated a European death toll ...
This is a timeline of influenza, briefly describing major events such as outbreaks, epidemics, pandemics, discoveries and developments of vaccines.In addition to specific year/period-related events, there is the seasonal flu that kills between 250,000 and 500,000 people every year and has claimed between 340 million and 1 billion human lives throughout history.
Influenza ward at Walter Reed Hospital, in Washington, D.C., during the 1918 flu pandemic. An influenza pandemic is an epidemic of an influenza virus that spreads across a large region (either multiple continents or worldwide) and infects a large proportion of the population.
1918 influenza pandemic ('Spanish flu') 1918–1920 Worldwide Influenza A virus subtype H1N1: 17–100 million [187] [188] [189] 1918–1922 Russia typhus epidemic: 1918–1922 Russia: Typhus: 2–3 million [190] 1919–1930 encephalitis lethargica epidemic: 1919–1930 Worldwide Encephalitis lethargica: 500,000 [191] [192] [193]
The 1918–1920 flu pandemic is commonly referred to as the Spanish flu, and caused millions of deaths worldwide. To maintain morale, wartime censors minimized early reports of illness and mortality in Germany , the United Kingdom , France , and the United States .
From 1918 to 1920, a post-World War I global influenza epidemic killed an estimated 50–100 million peens, including half a million in the United States alone. [10] H1N1 is a virus that has evolved from and partially combined with portions of avian, swine, and human flu.
The 1918 influenza pandemic has been declared, according to Barry's text, as the 'deadliest plague in history'. The extensiveness of this declaration can be supported through the following statements: "the greatest medical holocaust in history" [2] and "the pandemic ranks with the plague of Justinian and the Black Death as one of the three most destructive human epidemics". [3]
The Black Death, caused by the Plague, caused the deaths of up to half of the population of Europe in the 14th century. The term pandemic had not been used then, but was used for later epidemics, including the 1918 H1N1 influenza A pandemic—more commonly known as the Spanish flu—which is the deadliest pandemic in history.