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Income inequality in India refers to the unequal distribution of wealth and income among its citizens. According to the CIA World Factbook , the Gini coefficient of India, which is a measure of income distribution inequality, was 35.2 in 2011, ranking 95th out of 157. [ 2 ]
The Union Budget is the annual financial report of India; an estimate of income and expenditure of the government on a periodical basis. As per Article 112 of the Indian Constitution, it is a compulsory task of the government. [3] The first budget of India was presented on 18 February 1860 by Scotsman James Wilson. [4]
With rising economic growth and India's income is also rising rapidly. As an overview, India's per capita net national income or NNI was around Rs. 1,69,496 in 2022-23. [1] The per-capita income is a crude indicator of the prosperity of a country. In contrast, the gross national income at constant prices stood at over 128 trillion rupees. [2]
Expenditure State Budget (in crore rupees) FY Reference Andhra Pradesh ₹ 279,279 crore (US$32 billion) 2023-24 [1]Arunachal Pradesh ₹ 29,657 crore (US$3.4 billion) 2023-24
The standard of living in India varies from state to state. In 2021, extreme poverty was reduced to 0.8% [1] and India is no longer the nation with the largest population living in poverty. [2] There is significant income inequality within India, as it is simultaneously home to some of the world's richest people. [3]
Income distribution has always been a central concern of economic theory and economic policy. Classical economists such as Adam Smith, Thomas Malthus and David Ricardo were mainly concerned with factor income distribution, that is, the distribution of income between the main factors of production, land, labour and capital.
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The 2024 Interim-Union Budget of India [1] provides comprehensive information regarding the projected revenue and government spending for the fiscal year 2024–25, commencing on 1 April 2024 and concluding on 31st March 2025. [2] [3] [4]