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A medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) is a triglyceride with two or three fatty acids having an aliphatic tail of 6–12 carbon atoms, i.e. a medium-chain fatty acid (MCFA). Rich food sources for commercial extraction of MCTs include palm kernel oil and coconut oil .
Coconut oil contains only trace amounts of free fatty acids (about 0.03% by mass). [23] Most of the fatty acids are present in the form of esters. In the following content, the expressions "fatty acids" and "acid" below refer to esters rather than carboxylic acids.
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are fatty acids with aliphatic tails of five or fewer carbons (e.g. butyric acid). [7] Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) are fatty acids with aliphatic tails of 6 to 12 [8] carbons, which can form medium-chain triglycerides. Long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) are fatty acids with aliphatic tails of 13 to 21 carbons. [9]
Capric acid occurs naturally in coconut oil (about 10%) and palm kernel oil (about 4%), otherwise it is uncommon in typical seed oils. [10] It is found in the milk of various mammals and to a lesser extent in other animal fats. [6] Two other acids are named after goats: caproic acid (a C6:0 fatty acid) and caprylic acid (a C8:0 fatty acid ...
Lauric acid, systematically dodecanoic acid, is a saturated fatty acid with a 12-carbon atom chain, thus having many properties of medium-chain fatty acids. [6] It is a bright white, powdery solid with a faint odor of bay oil or soap. The salts and esters of lauric acid are known as laurates.
Coconut oil, a cooking oil, with medical and industrial applications as well. Extracted from the kernel or meat of the fruit of the coconut palm. Common in the tropics, and unusual in composition, with medium chain fatty acids dominant. [6] Corn oil, one of the principal oils sold as salad and cooking oil. [7]
Viscoleo is a thin or low-viscosity vegetable oil. [1] It is specifically a proprietary form of fractionated coconut oil and a medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil. [1] [2] It is prepared from the dried, solid endosperm of the fruit Cocos nucifera (coconut tree) via hydrolysis, fractionation, and purification. [3]
Medium-chain fatty acids in an individual's diet are rapidly used by the body, limiting storage and therefore alleviating lipid droplet accumulation. Foods with medium-chain fatty acids include dairy, fat and coconut oil. Supplements can also be taken to increase uptake of these fatty acids.
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