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c used for c ontinental air masses (dry) and; m used for m aritime air masses (moist). The second letter describes the thermal characteristic of its source region: T for t ropical, P for p olar, A for A rctic or A ntarctic, M for m onsoon, E for e quatorial, and; S for s uperior air (dry air formed by significant upward lift in the atmosphere).
A number of dimensionless terms have been derived to describe and predict convection, including the Archimedes number, Grashof number, Richardson number, and the Rayleigh number. In cases of mixed convection (natural and forced occurring together) one would often like to know how much of the convection is due to external constraints, such as ...
On weather maps mesoscale fronts are depicted as smaller and with twice as many bumps or spikes as the synoptic variety. In the United States, opposition to the use of the mesoscale versions of fronts on weather analyses, has led to the use of an overarching symbol (a trough symbol) with a label of outflow boundary as the frontal notation. [12]
An instrument used for counting the number of lightning discharges within a specific radius. [2] chinook wind A warm, dry föhn wind formed by a rainstorm dropping its precipitation onto the windward side of a mountain, thus drying the air mass before it blows across the leeward side, drops in elevation, and warms by adiabatic heating. Common ...
The critical Rayleigh number can be obtained analytically for a number of different boundary conditions by doing a perturbation analysis on the linearized equations in the stable state. [16] The simplest case is that of two free boundaries, which Lord Rayleigh solved in 1916, obtaining Ra = 27 ⁄ 4 π 4 ≈ 657.51. [ 17 ]
Harris expanded on Bloomfield's distributional analysis by providing a more formal approach to syntactic structure, specifically in English sentence analysis. In the 1940s and 1950s, Harris introduced the concept of immediate constituents as the parts of a sentence that can be directly combined to form larger units, such as noun phrases (NPs ...
The Rossby number is the ratio of inertial force to Coriolis force, terms | | / and in the Navier–Stokes equations respectively. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is commonly used in geophysical phenomena in the oceans and atmosphere , where it characterizes the importance of Coriolis accelerations arising from planetary rotation .
Technical terms and abbreviations appearing (e.g., in axis labels) are shear, AGL, [clarification needed] CAPE, [clarification needed] and BR (bulk Richardson [number]). [jargon] [citation needed] Atmospheric convection is the result of a parcel-environment instability (temperature difference layer) in the atmosphere.