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In biochemistry and medicinal chemistry, phosphonate groups are used as stable bioisosteres for phosphate, such as in the antiviral nucleotide analog, Tenofovir, one of the cornerstones of anti-HIV therapy. And there is an indication that phosphonate derivatives are "promising ligands for nuclear medicine." [2]
Phosphonates are esters of phosphonic acid and have the general formula RP(=O)(OR') 2. Phosphonates have many technical applications, a well-known member being glyphosate, better known as Roundup. With the formula (HO) 2 P(O)CH 2 NHCH 2 CO 2 H, this derivative of glycine is one of the most widely used herbicides.
Category: Phosphonic acids and derivatives. 4 languages. ... Phosphonates (2 C, 6 P) Phosphonic acids (1 C, 40 P) Phosphonofluoridates (2 C, 2 P) Phosphonothioates (12 P)
Phosphonates are salts (M 2 HPO 3) or esters (OP(OR) 2 R) of phosphonic acid Wikimedia Commons has media related to Phosphonates . The main article for this category is Phosphonate .
This nomenclature is commonly reserved for substituted derivatives, that is, organic group bonded to phosphorus, not simply an ester. For example, (CH 3 )PO(OH) 2 is " methylphosphonic acid ", which may of course form "methyl phosphonate " esters .
3 (phosphonate) groups covalently linked to carbon determine both the name "bisphosphonate" and the function of the drugs. Bis refers to the fact that there are two such groups in the molecule. The long side-chain (R 2 in the diagram) determines the chemical properties, the mode of action and the strength of bisphosphonate drugs.
Although they are derivatives of phosphonous acid (RP(OH) 2), [2] they are not prepared from such precursors. Phosphonites are prepared by alcoholysis of organophosphinous chlorides. For example, treatment of dichlorophenylphosphine with methanol and base gives dimethyl phenylphosphonite:
They are derivatives of phosphoramidic acids, which possess the structure O=P(OH)(NR 2) 2 or O=P(OH) 2 (NR 2). A phosphorodiamidate is a phosphate that has two of its hydroxyl ( −OH ) groups substituted by amine ( NR 2 ) groups to give a species with the general formula O=P(OH)(NH 2 ) 2 .