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Bithynia (/ b ɪ ˈ θ ɪ n i ə /; Koinē Greek: Βιθυνία, romanized: Bithynía) was an ancient region, kingdom and Roman province in the northwest of Asia Minor (present-day Turkey), adjoining the Sea of Marmara, the Bosporus, and the Black Sea.
Bithynia and Pontus (Latin: Provincia Bithynia et Pontus, Ancient Greek Ancient Greek: Επαρχία Βιθυνίας και Πόντου, romanized: Eparkhía Bithynías kai Póntou) was the name of a province of the Roman Empire on the Black Sea coast of Anatolia (modern-day Turkey).
The Kingdom of Bithynia (Ancient Greek: Βιθυνία) was a Hellenistic kingdom centred in the historical region of Bithynia, which seems to have been established in the fourth century BC. In the midst of the Wars of the Diadochi , Zipoites assumed the title of king ( basileus ) in 297 BC.
Nicaea (also spelled Nicæa or Nicea, / n aɪ ˈ s iː ə / ny-SEE-ə; [9] Latin: [niːˈkae̯.a]), also known as Nikaia (Ancient Greek: Νίκαια, Attic: [nǐːkai̯a], Koine:), was an ancient Greek city in the north-western Anatolian region of Bithynia [4] [10] [11] that is primarily known as the site of the First and Second Councils of Nicaea (the first and seventh Ecumenical councils in ...
The precise limits of Mysia are difficult to assign. The Phrygian frontier was fluctuating, while in the northwest the Troad was only sometimes included in Mysia. [1] The northern portion was known as "Lesser Phrygia" or (Ancient Greek: μικρὰ Φρυγία, romanized: mikra Phrygia; Latin: Phrygia Minor), while the southern was called "Greater Phrygia" or "Pergamene Phrygia".
Chalcedon (/ ˈ k æ l s ɪ ˌ d ɒ n, k æ l ˈ s iː d ən /; [1] Ancient Greek: Χαλκηδών, romanized: Khalkēdṓn; sometimes transliterated as Khalqedon) was an ancient maritime town of Bithynia, in Asia Minor. It was located almost directly opposite Byzantium, south of Scutari (modern Üsküdar) and it is now a district of the city ...
Pontus (Ancient Greek: Πόντος Pontos) was a Hellenistic kingdom centered in the historical region of Pontus in modern-day Turkey, and ruled by the Mithridatic dynasty of Persian origin, [2] [3] [4] [1] which may have been directly related to Darius the Great of the Achaemenid dynasty.
Part of the kingdom was now annexed to the Roman Empire, being united with Bithynia in a double province called Pontus and Bithynia: this part included only the seaboard between Heraclea (today Ereğli) and Amisus , the ora Pontica. [19] The larger part of Pontus, however, was included in the province of Galatia. [21]