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During fermentation, the added oxygen can help maintain the viability of the yeast to minimize the risk of stuck fermentation and the production of undesirable sulfides. After fermentation it can aid in the clarification and stabilization of the wine without resorting to the use of fining agents .
The biochemical process of fermentation itself creates a lot of residual heat which can take the must out of the ideal temperature range for the wine. Typically, white wine is fermented between 18–20 °C (64–68 °F) though a wine maker may choose to use a higher temperature to bring out some of the complexity of the wine.
It is fitted with a fermentation lock. A fermentation lock or fermentation airlock is a device used in beer brewing and wine making that allows carbon dioxide released during fermentation to escape the fermenter, while not allowing air to enter the fermenter, thus avoiding oxidation. There are two main designs for the fermentation lock.
During the secondary fermentation and aging process, which takes three to six months, the fermentation continues very slowly. The wine is kept under an airlock to protect the wine from oxidation. Proteins from the grape are broken down and the remaining yeast cells and other fine particles from the grapes are allowed to settle.
This secondary fermentation, also known as bottle fermentation, is the process that makes the wine "bubbly" due to the containment of carbon dioxide which is normally released as a by product in regular fermentation. In still wine production, particularly of red wines [2] and some white wines like Chardonnay, the secondary fermentation process ...
For Rosé, red wine grapes are allowed some maceration between the skins and must, but not to the extent of red wine production. [ 1 ] While maceration is a technique usually associated with wine, it is used with other drinks, such as Lambic , pioĊunówka , Campari and crème de cassis , and also used to steep unflavored spirit with herbs for ...
White wine is a wine that is fermented without undergoing the process of maceration, which involves prolonged contact between the juice with the grape skins, seeds, and pulp. The colour can be straw-yellow, yellow-green, or yellow-gold. [ 1 ]
Fully fermented A wine that was allowed to complete the process of fermentation without interruption to produce a wine that is completely dry. Fusel alcohol Also known as Fusel oils. By-products of fermentation and distillation that are encountered in small quantities in winemaking that can contribute to a wine's complexity.