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It is an indicator of how much volatile fatty acid can be extracted from fat through saponification. It is equal to the number of milliliters of 0.1 normal alkali solution necessary for the neutralization of the water-insoluble volatile fatty acids distilled and filtered from 5 grams of a given saponified fat.
It is an intermediate mathematical model, useful as a pedagogical tool when teaching physics, chemistry, and engineering. In addition, its saturation curve has an analytic solution, which can depict the liquid metals (mercury and cesium) quantitatively, and describes most real fluids qualitatively. [ 25 ]
Change in volume with increasing ethanol fraction. The molar volume of a substance i is defined as its molar mass divided by its density ρ i 0: , = For an ideal mixture containing N components, the molar volume of the mixture is the weighted sum of the molar volumes of its individual components.
In chemistry, the iodine value (IV; also iodine absorption value, iodine number or iodine index) is the mass of iodine in grams that is consumed by 100 grams of a chemical substance. Iodine numbers are often used to determine the degree of unsaturation in fats , oils and waxes .
The value is greater than one if a substance is more soluble in fat-like solvents such as n-octanol, and less than one if it is more soluble in water. [ citation needed ] If a substance is present as several chemical species in the octanol-water system due to association or dissociation , each species is assigned its own K ow value.
One can similarly rewrite the partial derivative () by expressing dV in terms of dS and dT, putting dV equal to zero and solving for the ratio . When one substitutes that expression in the heat capacity ratio expressed as the ratio of the partial derivatives of the entropy above, it follows:
K ow, being a type of partition coefficient, serves as a measure of the relationship between lipophilicity (fat solubility) and hydrophilicity (water solubility) of a substance. The value is greater than one if a substance is more soluble in fat-like solvents such as n-octanol, and less than one if it is more soluble in water. [citation needed]