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Pichavaram hosts one of the largest mangrove forests in India A view of the forest. Pichavaram is one of the villages of Parangipettai near Chidambaram in Cuddalore District, Tamil Nadu, India. [1] [2] It is located between the Vellar estuary in the north and Coleroon estuary in the south.
Mangrove forest at Muthupet. This site is a mix of salt swamps, mangroves, backwaters, mudflats, grasslands and East Deccan dry evergreen forests. 364 of flowering plant species have been identified in the sanctuary of which 50% are herbs and the others are climbers, shrubs and trees. About 198 of these have medicinal properties.
The forest is maintained by the Tamil Nadu Forest Department. [2] The mangrove forest is divided into the Palanjur, Thamarankottai, Maravakkadu, Vadakadu, Thuraikadu and Muthupet reserve forests. Muthupet reserve forest covers the lagoon, river creeks and the mudflats.
The density of mangroves in eastern side of Muthupet lagoon is comparatively lower than other areas. Tamil Nadu forest department has excavated several canals across the mudflat. Each main canal which enhances the water movement between sea and lagoon, has several sub canals on either side with a substantial number of mangrove seedlings.
Pichavaram Mangroves (Tamil Nadu): Situated near the town of Chidambaram, the Pichavaram mangroves are one of the few large mangrove forests in Tamil Nadu. This forest features a unique network of channels and islands, attracting tourists for boat rides and birdwatching. [6]
Kaluveli is an old mangrove forest, which has been degraded over period of time. The entire ecosystem of this wetland is completely destroyed and denuded due to human inference, chiefly, the establishment of salt pans and overfishing. [1] It is one of the prioritized wetlands of Tamil Nadu. [2]
Protected areas of Tamil Nadu cover an area of 3,305 km 2 (1,276 sq mi), constituting 2.54% of the geographic area and 15% of the 22,643 km 2 (8,743 sq mi) recorded forest area of the state of Tamil Nadu in South India. It ranks 14th among all the states and union territories of India in terms of total protected area. [1]
Thanthai Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary is a proposed protected area located along the area straddling both the Western Ghats and Eastern Ghats in the Erode District of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. [1] [2] It was notified by Government of Tamil Nadu in March 2023 and will become the 18th wildlife sanctuary in Tamil Nadu. [3]