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Suharto[b][c] (8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was an Indonesian military officer and the second President of Indonesia. Widely regarded as a military dictator by international observers, Suharto led Indonesia as an authoritarian regime from 1967 until his resignation in 1998 following nationwide unrest. [3][4][5] His 31-year dictatorship is ...
Early life and career of Suharto. Suharto (8 June 1921 – 27 January 2008) was the second President of Indonesia, having held the office for 31 years from 1967 following Sukarno's removal until his resignation in 1998. Suharto was born in a small village, Kemusuk, in the Godean area near Yogyakarta, during the Dutch colonial era. [1]
George Washington University. Signature. Muhammad Amien Rais (born 26 April 1944) is an Indonesian politician. [1][2] He was one of the leaders of the reform movement that forced the resignation of President Suharto in 1998. [3][4] Amien Rais was the leader of Muhammadiyah, one of the two biggest Muslim organizations in Indonesia, from 1995 to ...
v. t. e. Suharto resigned as President of Indonesia on 21 May 1998 following the collapse of support for his 32-year long presidency. Vice President B. J. Habibie took over the presidency. Suharto's grip on power weakened following severe economic and political crises stemming from the 1997 Asian financial crisis.
Sukarno[d][e] (6 June 1901 – 21 June 1970) [5] was an Indonesian statesman, orator, revolutionary, and nationalist who was the first president of Indonesia, serving from 1945 to 1967. Sukarno was the leader of the Indonesian struggle for independence from the Dutch colonialists. He was a prominent leader of Indonesia's nationalist movement ...
The five tenets of Pancasila. Single principle of Pancasila (Asas tunggal Pancasila) was a policy enacted by the New Order regime under President Soeharto starting 1983 compelling political parties and public organisations to declare the national ideology of " Pancasila, as their one and only ideological basis ". [nb 1]
3. Relatives. Mimi Mariani (daughter-in-law) Raden Soeharto Sastrosoeyoso (24 December 1908 – 30 November 2000) was an Indonesian doctor and a National hero of Indonesia. He was the founder of Indonesian Doctors Association and Bank Negara Indonesia.
B. J. Habibie. Aachen University (Dipl.-Ing. and Dr.-Ing.) Bacharuddin Jusuf Habibie (Indonesian: [baxaˈrudːin ˈjusuf haˈbibi] ⓘ, 25 June 1936 – 11 September 2019) was an Indonesian politician, engineer and scientist who served as the third president of Indonesia from 1998 to 1999. Less than three months after his inauguration as the ...