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Cuneiform [note 1] is a logo-syllabic writing system that was used to write several languages of the Ancient Near East. [4] The script was in active use from the early Bronze Age until the beginning of the Common Era. [5] Cuneiform scripts are marked by and named for the characteristic wedge-shaped impressions (Latin: cuneus) which form their ...
Actual decipherment did not take place until the beginning of the 19th century, initiated by Georg Friedrich Grotefendin his study of Old Persian cuneiform. He was followed by Antoine-Jean Saint-Martinin 1822 and Rasmus Christian Raskin 1823, who was the first to decipher the name Achaemenides and the consonants m and n.
The Xerxes I inscription at Van, also known as the XV Achaemenid royal inscription, [1] is a trilingual cuneiform inscription of the Achaemenid King Xerxes I (r. 486–465 BC). [2][3] It is located on the southern slope of a mountain adjacent to the Van Fortress, near Lake Van in present-day Turkey. [3] When inscribed it was located in the ...
Old Persian cuneiform is a semi-alphabetic cuneiform script that was the primary script for Old Persian. Texts written in this cuneiform have been found in Iran (Persepolis, Susa, Hamadan, Kharg Island), Armenia, Romania (Gherla), [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] Turkey (Van Fortress), and along the Suez Canal. [ 4 ]
Asia portal. Hittite cuneiform is the implementation of cuneiform script used in writing the Hittite language. The surviving corpus of Hittite texts is preserved in cuneiform on clay tablets dating to the 2nd millennium BC (roughly spanning the 17th to 12th centuries BC). Hittite orthography was directly adapted from Old Babylonian cuneiform.
The Behistun inscription, the longest and perhaps the most famous of the Achaemenid royal inscriptions. The Achaemenid royal inscriptions are the surviving inscriptions in cuneiform script from the Achaemenid Empire, dating from the 6th to 4th century BCE (reigns of Cyrus II to Artaxerxes III). These inscriptions are primary sources for the ...
The Cyrus Cylinder is an ancient clay cylinder, now broken into several pieces, on which is written an Achaemenid royal inscription in Akkadian cuneiform script in the name of the Persian king Cyrus the Great. [2][3] It dates from the 6th century BC and was discovered in the ruins of the ancient Mesopotamian city of Babylon (now in modern Iraq ...
Assyriology (from Greek Ἀσσυρίᾱ, Assyriā; and -λογία, -logia), also known as Cuneiform studies or Ancient Near East studies, [1][2] is the archaeological, anthropological, historical, and linguistic study of the cultures that used cuneiform writing. The field covers Pre Dynastic Mesopotamia, Sumer, the early Sumero-Akkadian city ...