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The executive branch under a specific President (or governor, mayor, or other local executive). advice and consent. appellant. A party who appeals a decision of a lower court of law to a higher authority. [ 2 ] appellate court. A court of law that has the power to review and overturn the decision of a lower court.
Flowchart of the U.S. federal political system. The United States is a constitutional federal republic, in which the president (the head of state and head of government), Congress, and judiciary share powers reserved to the national government, and the federal government shares sovereignty with the state governments.
According to David Easton, "A political system can be designated as the interactions through which values are authoritatively allocated for a society". [6] Political system refers broadly to the process by which laws are made and public resources allocated in a society, and to the relationships among those involved in making these decisions.
In politics, a lame duck or outgoing politician is an elected official whose successor has already been elected or will be soon. [1] An outgoing politician is often seen as having less influence with other politicians due to their limited time left in office. Conversely, a lame duck is free to make decisions that exercise the standard powers ...
Political polarization (spelled polarisation in British English, African and Caribbean English, and New Zealand English) is the divergence of political attitudes away from the center, towards ideological extremes. [ 1 ][ 2 ][ 3 ] Scholars distinguish between ideological polarization (differences between the policy positions) and affective ...
Duverger's law. In political science, Duverger's law (/ ˈduvərʒeɪ / DOO-vər-zhay) holds that in political systems with single-member districts and the plurality voting system, (as in the U.S.), two main parties tend to emerge. In this case, votes for minor parties can potentially be regarded splitting votes away from the most similar major ...
In politics, gridlock or deadlock or political stalemate is a situation when there is difficulty passing laws that satisfy the needs of the people. A government is gridlocked when the ratio between bills passed and the agenda of the legislature decreases. Gridlock can occur when two legislative houses, or the executive branch and the ...
The politics-administration dichotomy is a theory that constructs the boundaries of public administration and asserts the normative relationship between elected officials and administrators in a democratic society. [1] The phrase politics-administration dichotomy was first found in public administration literature from the 1940s.