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2. Class (set theory) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Class_(set_theory)

   Class (set theory) In set theory and its applications throughout mathematics, a class is a collection of sets (or sometimes other mathematical objects) that can be unambiguously defined by a property that all its members share. Classes act as a way to have set-like collections while differing from sets so as to avoid paradoxes, especially ...

3. Equivalence class - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalence_class

   An equivalence relation on a set is a binary relation on satisfying the three properties: [1] for all (reflexivity), implies for all (symmetry), if and then for all (transitivity). The equivalence class of an element is defined as [2] The word "class" in the term "equivalence class" may generally be considered as a synonym of "set", although ...

4. Concrete category - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_category

   Definition. A concrete category is a pair (C, U) such that. U : C → Set (the category of sets and functions) is a faithful functor. The functor U is to be thought of as a forgetful functor, which assigns to every object of C its "underlying set", and to every morphism in C its "underlying function". It is customary to call the morphisms in a ...

5. Cardinality - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinality

   The equivalence class of a set A under this relation, then, consists of all those sets which have the same cardinality as A. There are two ways to define the "cardinality of a set": The cardinality of a set A is defined as its equivalence class under equinumerosity. A representative set is designated for each

6. Mathematics - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mathematics

   Mathematics is a field of study that discovers and organizes methods, theories and theorems that are developed and proved for the needs of empirical sciences and mathematics itself. There are many areas of mathematics, which include number theory (the study of numbers), algebra (the study of formulas and related structures), geometry (the study ...

7. Manipulative (mathematics education) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manipulative_(mathematics...

   Manipulative (mathematics education) In mathematics education, a manipulative is an object which is designed so that a learner can perceive some mathematical concept by manipulating it, hence its name. The use of manipulatives provides a way for children to learn concepts through developmentally appropriate hands-on experience.

8. Glossary of mathematical symbols - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_mathematical...

   Glossary of mathematical symbols. A mathematical symbol is a figure or a combination of figures that is used to represent a mathematical object, an action on mathematical objects, a relation between mathematical objects, or for structuring the other symbols that occur in a formula. As formulas are entirely constituted with symbols of various ...

9. FOIL method - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FOIL_method

   In elementary algebra, FOIL is a mnemonic for the standard method of multiplying two binomials [1] —hence the method may be referred to as the FOIL method. The word FOIL is an acronym for the four terms of the product: The general form is. Note that a is both a "first" term and an "outer" term; b is both a "last" and "inner" term, and so forth.