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While pipe sizes in Australia are inch-based, they are classified by outside rather than inside diameter (e.g., a nominal 3 ⁄ 4 inch copper pipe in Australia has measured diameters of 0.750 inches outside and 0.638 inches inside, whereas a nominal 3 ⁄ 4 inch copper pipe in the U.S. and Canada has measured diameters of 0.875 inch outside and ...
Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) is a North American set of standard sizes for pipes used for high or low pressures and temperatures. [1] " Nominal" refers to pipe in non-specific terms and identifies the diameter of the hole with a non-dimensional number (for example – 2-inch nominal steel pipe" consists of many varieties of steel pipe with the only criterion being a 2.375-inch (60.3 mm) outside ...
The only way to obtain the actual OD is to look it up in a reference table. For pipe sizes of NPS 14 inch (DN 350) and greater the NPS size is the actual diameter in inches and the DN size is equal to NPS times 25 (not 25.4) rounded to a convenient multiple of 50. For example, NPS 14 has an OD of 14 inches or 355.60 millimetres, and is ...
Fittings allow multiple pipes to be connected to cover longer distances, increase or decrease the size of the pipe or tube, or extend a network by branching, and make possible more complex systems than could be achieved with only individual pipes. Valves are specialized fittings that permit regulating the flow of fluid within a plumbing system.
Bottled water may have reduced amounts of copper, lead, and other metal contaminants since it does not run through the plumbing pipes where tap water is exposed to metal corrosion; however, this varies by the household and plumbing system. [9] In much of the developed world, chlorine often is added as a disinfectant to tap water.
A "3 ⁄ 4-inch pipe" in the Nominal Pipe Size system has no dimensions that are exactly 0.75 inches. A screw thread has a number of dimensions required to assure proper function but is referred to by a nominal size and a thread design family, for example "1 ⁄ 4 inch, 20 threads per inch, Unified National Coarse."
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The article on nominal pipe sizes mentions PVC and CPVC “in the same breath” but does not say that the actual sizes differ even though the sizes stamped on the pipe are the same, ½ inch for example. The CPVC (yellowish tint) is a true ½ I.D. but the white PVC is about 5/8. Supposedly the CPVC was developed because PVC cannot take hot water.
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