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The Cultural Revolution, formally known as the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a sociopolitical movement in the People's Republic of China (PRC). It was launched by Mao Zedong in 1966 and lasted until 1976. Its stated goal was to preserve Chinese socialism by purging remnants of capitalist and traditional elements from Chinese society.
Cultural Revolution was launched by Mao Zedong in May 1966, with the help of the Cultural Revolution Group. Estimates of total deaths during the Cultural Revolution generally range from 500,000 to 2,000,000. [58] Some Chinese researchers have estimated that at least 300,000 people were killed in massacres during the Cultural Revolution.
During the Cultural Revolution, Guangdong recorded one of the highest numbers of "abnormal deaths" in China: In 2016, Fei Yan (now of Tsinghua University [37]) concluded that the average number of abnormal deaths (including the number of deaths in massacres) among counties in Guangdong was 299, the fifth highest number nationwide. [38]
In 2001, Time stated that "Mao Zedong's Cultural Revolution was an eruption of ideological fervor, mass hysteria and outright brutality that left an estimated 10 million Chinese dead and ruined the lives of millions more. Now tales of even more horrible excesses from the years between 1966 and 1976 are coming to light: allegations of ...
A struggle session of Xi Zhongxun, the father of Xi Jinping, at Northwest A&F University during the Cultural Revolution, September 1967. [26] [27] The banner reads "Anti-Party element Xi Zhongxun". During the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976), struggle sessions were widely conducted by Red Guards and various rebel groups across mainland China.
On May 16, 1966, Mao Zedong launched the Cultural Revolution in mainland, China. [10] On August 5, Bian Zhongyun, the first vice principal of the Experimental High School Attached to Beijing Normal University, was beaten to death by a group of Red Guards—mostly her students—and became the first education worker in Beijing killed by the Red ...
In the preface of the book (Chinese edition), Hu Jiwei, former president and editor-in-chief of the People's Daily, praises Song's effort of exposing the historical facts and details of the atrocities during the Cultural Revolution to the public, and endorsed Song's argument that the massacres and violence were mainly the action of "state apparatuses" under Mao Zedong towards the citizens. [2]
Most Western accounts consider that the actual leadership of the Cultural Revolution consisted of a wider group, referring predominantly to the members of the Central Cultural Revolution Group. Most prominent was Lin Biao, until his purported defection from China and death in a plane crash in 1971. Chen Boda is often classed as a member of Lin ...