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The Japanese political process has two types of elections.. National elections (国政選挙, kokusei senkyo); Subnational/local elections (地方選挙, chihō senkyo); While the national level features a parliamentary system of government where the head of government is elected indirectly by the legislature, prefectures and municipalities employ a presidential system where chief executives ...
Electoral Design Reference Materials from the ACE Project; PARLINE database from the Inter-Parliamentary Union; Political Database of the Americas - Georgetown University; Project for Global Democracy and Human Rights This page links to a table and a world map that is color-coded by the primary electoral system used by each country.
The 1994 electoral reform in Japan was a change from the previous single non-transferable vote (SNTV) system of multi-member districts (MMD) to a mixed electoral system of single-member districts (SMD) with plurality voting and a party list system with proportional representation.
Single non-transferable vote or SNTV is an electoral system used to elect multiple winners. It is a semi-proportional variant of first-past-the-post voting, applied to multi-member districts where each voter casts just one vote.
The electoral system to the House of Representatives was also fundamentally changed several times: between systems of "small" mostly single- and few multi-member electoral districts (1890s, 1920, 1924), "medium" mostly multi-member districts (1928–1942) and "large" electoral districts (usually only one, rarely two city and one counties ...
MIC, e-Gov legal database: 公職選挙法 (kōshoku senkyo hō), Law No. 100 of April 25, 1950 (the three appended tables list the area/number of seats for all electoral districts to both Houses of the National Diet); MOJ, Japanese Law Translation Database: Public Offices Election Act ([by definition unofficial] translation to English, if ...
Parliamentary system: Japan adopted a parliamentary system of government, maintaining a lower house and an upper house, similar to its previous democratic experiences during the Taisho era. Labor rights: It introduced Western-type labor practices, including a clause that declared the right to collective bargaining.
General elections are scheduled to be held in Japan no later than 27 October 2028 to elect all 465 seats of the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet. Voting will take place in all constituencies, including 289 single-seat electoral districts and 176 proportional blocks. [1]